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Ancient Kingdoms of Axum and Kush: Trading and Cultural Mecca in East Africa

Learn about the rise and fall of the powerful Axum Kingdom, its conversion to Christianity, and the flourishing trade network that shaped East Africa. Explore the blending of cultures in the Swahili city-states and the impact of Arab and Persian immigrants.

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Ancient Kingdoms of Axum and Kush: Trading and Cultural Mecca in East Africa

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  1. Axum

  2. Axum • Arabians crossed the Red Sea and intermarried with people from modern-day Ethiopia • These people created the kingdom of Axum

  3. Aksum gains power • In the 300’s AD, Axum destroyed Kush, becoming the most powerful kingdom in Eastern Africa

  4. A trading center • Axum becomes an important trading center for goods around the Mediterranean, Africa, and Asia • Many new ideas introduced there, including Christianity

  5. Aksum converts to Christianity • When a king named Ezana took the throne around 400 AD, he converted to Christianity and made Christianity the official religion of Axum • There are still millions of Christians in this region today.

  6. Ethiopia, a Christian Kingdom • Slowly began to weaken in the 600s • Economics • and spread of Islam • Zagwe • New dynasty from the 1100s that continued the Christian tradition • Carved huge churches out of solid rock

  7. East African City-States • Trade continued to bring people together • Between 800s and 1400s Arab and Persian immigrants blended with local communities • Formed more that three dozen city-states

  8. The Swahili Culture • Swahili- formed in trading towns along coast East Africa • Primarily Muslim • Blending of cultures • Grew into city-states by 1000 • Stonetowns- multistory stone houses • Contact through trade brought a multi cultural mix • Swahili became a language that includes words from trade

  9. My World page 185 • Add the kingdoms of Axum and Kush using the map My World on page 185 as a reference

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