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THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS

THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS. 20th Century Med. Man Video (30 min) Walk on Campus to identify (sheet in binder) 1.flowers,cones, ferns and mosses 2. flower parts 3.common trees and plants (locust, oak, pear, hemlock, dandelion, violet, grass, poison ivy, dogwood, pine, black cherry)

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THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS

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  1. THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS 20th Century Med. Man Video (30 min) Walk on Campus to identify (sheet in binder) 1.flowers,cones, ferns and mosses 2. flower parts 3.common trees and plants (locust, oak, pear, hemlock, dandelion, violet, grass, poison ivy, dogwood, pine, black cherry) Info on seeds was covered for quarter long project Flower parts were covered when we did genetics

  2. MOSS- non-vascular, reproduce with spores

  3. FERN vascular, reproduce with spores

  4. CONIFERS vascular, reproduce with pollen and seed in cones

  5. FLOWERINGPLANTS

  6. root hairs, root cap, herbaceous plant, vascular bundle transpiration Vocabulary • Cereal • Legumes • root crops • fruit • grain • vegetative part Read (570-579, 534-541)

  7. FLOWER ANATOMY

  8. POLLEN

  9. Apple seeds

  10. CASHEW Fruit and seed

  11. The importance of plants • A. • 275,000 to 400,000 • SPECIES OF FLOWERING PLANTS • 3,000 USED FOR HUMAN FOOD • 200 DOMESTICATED • 12 MAIN FOODS

  12. DOMESTICATION • - REQUIRE HUMAN INTERVENTION TO MAINTAIN CURRENT FORM

  13. Activity! • Name the major food crop plants that are harvest. • This is based on amount harvested

  14. list is by weight harvested 1. 7. 13. 2. 8. 14. 3 9. 15. 4. 10. 16. 5. 11. 17. 6. 12.

  15. list is by weight harvested 1. SUGAR CANE* 7. BARLEY* 13. GRAPE 2. WHEAT* 8. MANIOC 14. TOMATO 3. CORN* 9. SWEET POTATO 15. OAT* 4. RICE* 10. SOY BEAN 16. ORANGE 5. POTATO 11. SORGHUM* 17. APPLE 6. SUGAR BEET 12. BANANA What do all the * have in common? * MAJOR plant family Grass family

  16. SUGAR CANE

  17. RICE

  18. BARLEY

  19. SORGHUM

  20. POTATO

  21. SUGAR BEET

  22. manioc

  23. SWEET POTATO

  24. BANANA

  25. C. HUMAN EXISTENCE • 200,000 TO 100,000 may have been humans in an early form H. sapiens var. sapiens and H. sapiens var. neaderthalensis • 25,000 to 35,000 years ago substantial archeological and fossil evidence of H. sapiens (us)

  26. EARLY HUMAN LIFESTYLE? • Hunter/gatherer • Man herd food season • Change in human behavior approximately 9,000 years ago • Domestication/agriculture develops simultaneously in several places in the world

  27. GOOD EVIDENCE OF FARMING • 7,000 B.C. Fertile Crescent, Near East Wheat , Barley • " Thailand bean and pea • 5,000 Asia rice • 7,000-5,000 Mexico near Texas gourds, chili, beans • 5,000 Mexico City squash, beans, avacado, Maize

  28. Current foods in an area reflect heritage

  29. D. NOTES ON 20TH CENTURY MED MAN. (video in library) • Botany • Ethnobotany • Dr. Mark Plotkin (Harvard) • Jaguar Shaman • Rainforest Destruction and Old age of Shaman • 25% of modern meds have their origin in plants • examples poppy (opium, morphine) periwinkle (vincristine) willow (aspirin)

  30. PLANT ANATOMYPart II of PlantsRead 569-582

  31. I. GROSS ANATOMY • ROOTS (functions?) • Anchor • absorb water and nutrients • asexual reproduction (ex. Raspberry) • storage ex. Yam, carrot , beet

  32. LEAVES • Photosynthesis • Enzymes, sunlight, chlorophyll • Transpiration – release of water through the leaf surface. The plant is like a straw. Roots have the opening and the leaves have the exit

  33. asexual reproduction ex. African violet Kalanchoe • storage ex. Cabbage, onion, lettuce

  34. STEM support the leaves and flowers asexual reproduction ex. Potato, strawberry storage ex. Potato, broccoli, cauliflower , asparagus

  35. transport xylem phloem Active Cell division absorption Water up Sugars down Meristem Root tip II. CELLULAR ANATOMY

  36. support- wood • dating activity with growth rings

  37. How old is this stem? 12 years old

  38. cell division Adding to length at root and stem tips by apical meristem

  39. cell division Adding to the width of stem -lateral meristem Vascular bundle Looks vaguely like an ice cream cone

  40. Photosynthesis • leaf anatomy- stomata • from work sheet • chromatography- pigments • chlorophyll • carotene • xanthophylls

  41. Photosynthesis 1. Leaf Anatomy – stomata and guard cells (from worksheet) 2. Chromatography- pigment mixtures are separated and analyzed • Chlorophyll – green pigment • Carotene – orange pigment • Xanthophylls – yellow pigment

  42. III. PLANT RESPONSES (tropisms) • Controlled by hormones that stimulate specific cells to grow • Thigmotropism – response to touch (vines, venus fly traps) • Phototropism – response to light (seedlings) • Gravitropism – up and down growth • Chemotropism – response to a chemical stimulus (ex. fertilizer)

  43. Thigmotropism • The turning or bending response of an organism upon direct contact with a solid surface or object.

  44. Phototropism

  45. Gravitropism

  46. Chemotropism

  47. Legumes • Simple dry fruit • Common name for fruit is a pod • Peas, beans, lentils, and peanuts • High in protein

  48. Quiz on plants MONDAY • Video Med Man, • Human uses of plants, Text • Notes, • Vocab • LABS Tree Ring, Chromotography, Campus Walk and Plant identification, • Cross word • Plant anatomy

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