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Non-Suicidal Self Injury and Social Media. Kealagh Robinson & A/Prof Marc Wilson . Social Media Usage among Teenagers. 95% of all teenagers are online 81% use some kind of social media A third of teenagers exchange messages daily on social network sites. Function of the Internet.
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Non-Suicidal Self Injury and Social Media Kealagh Robinson & A/Prof Marc Wilson
Social Media Usage among Teenagers • 95% of all teenagers are online • 81% use some kind of social media • A third of teenagers exchange messages daily on social network sites
Function of the Internet Identity and Connection: Online communication creates place for personal bonding and anonymous disclosure. (Bargh, Mckenna & Fitzsimons, 2002) Teenagers who self-injure say that online they - Obtain support - Express themselves freely - Feel safe to do so due to anonymity and privacy. (Murray & Fox, 2006).
Engaging Online: Photographic Sites (Baker & Lewis, 2013) • Positive Perspective: • Show bad it can get • Creates a place of support • Looking at the photos can reduce the impulse ..”Seeing these pictures gives me a release and sense of calm: it curbs my urges to cut. Also, knowing that I’m not alone in this is comforting…”
Engaging Online: Photographic Sites (Baker & Lewis, 2013) • Negative Perspective: • Social irresponsible • Triggers viewers • Creates a competition • Normalises self injury • Glamorises self injury ..” It seems as though people are trying to make art out of it and deepening a connection with it.. . . Aren’t you concerned people will fall into the romance of it?
Engaging Online: Videos (Lewis, Heath, Denis & Nobel,2011) Analyzed the most popular 50 character videos & 50 non-character videos. 80% accessible to general audiences. Explicit representation of self-injury - 90% of non-character videos had graphic photographs - 28% of character videos had in-action self-injury
Reception of Videos (Lewis & Baker, 2011) Examined the comments on the 100 most popular self-injury videos. Global comments: 38% self-disclosed a personal history of self-injury 17% admired the message 15% admired the uploader 11% offered encouragement Recovery themed comments: Very few positive comments. 43% did not mention recovery and 34% indicated that they were still self-injuring.
Informal and Professional Support Websites (Duggan, Heath, Lewis & Baxter 2012) • Professional Websites: • Don’t post graphic images • Separate NSSI and suicidality • Themes of recovery and support • Informal Websites: • Range of triggering content • Accessed more often • Often hosted by Facebook & other social media websites • Themes of hopelessness, desperation and encouragement
Issue of Contagion • Individual differences in susceptibility • (Aral & Walker, 2012) Self reports of hearing about self injury (Hodgson, 2004) Some evidence in certain samples (Hodgson, 2004)
Response of Social Media “prohibit [posts promoting self-harm], as a statement against the very ideas of self-harm that they are advancing” “Online dialogue about these acts and conditions is incredibly important; this prohibition is intended to reach only those blogs that cross the line into active promotion or glorification”