The NSF MARGINS Concept

1. The NSF MARGINS Concept Broad focus: evolution of continental margins • Interdisciplinary Initiatives developed from community workshops 1988-2000 • All “cross the shoreline” • Active processes • Focus Sites concentrate resources The Machinery: • Independent NSF Panel funds all science proposals: reviewed, competitive • Steering Committee (MSC) represents Community • Logistics and coordination: MARGINS Office www.nsf-margins.org

2. A Global Program • All Focus Sites are outside the U.S. • Many have major International Partners • Diverse sets of data • Onshore and Marine • Geophysical, Geological, Geochemical, … • Archival and Real-time The program only succeeds through international engagement

3. Funding Summary • 94 projects, 182 grants, ~120 PI’s • Many data types, onland, marine, … (through FY08)

4. Initiatives • SubFac: The Subduction Factory • SEIZE: Seismogenic Zone Experiment • S2S: Sediment Source to Sink • RCL: Rupturing Continental Lithosphere SEIZE RCL SubFac SubFac, SEIZE S2S Focus Sites

5. Four Initiatives • How do continents grow? • composition: The Subduction Factory • mechanics: Seismogenic Zone Experiment • How do continental margins change? • material transport: Sediment Source to Sink • mechanics: Rupturing Continental Lithosphere

6. Seismogenic Zone Sediment Source-to-SInk • Nature and genesis of large subduction-zone thrust earthquakes and the faults that make them • Production, transport & storage of sediments & solutes from source to sink S2S SEIZE Gulf of Papua Waipaoa, N.Z. Nankai Central America Initiatives & Focus Sites

7. Initiatives & Focus Sites Rupturing Continental Lithosphere • Driving forces for rift initiation, propagation and evolution, from continent to ocean basin RCL Gulf of California/Salton Trough Allied: Red Sea Subduction Factory • The cycling of material, fluids, and energy from trench to arc and deep earth; growth of continents SubFac Central America Izu-Bonin-Mariana Allied: Cascadia, Aleutians

8. Central America Izu-Bonin-Marianas Central America Nankai Fly/Papua (New Guinea) Waipaoa (New Zealand) Gulf of California / Salton Trough Themes and Initiatives • How do continents grow? • composition: The Subduction Factory • mechanics: Seismogenic Zone Experiment • How do continental margins change? • material transport: Sediment Source to Sink • mechanics: Rupturing Continental Lithosphere

9. Initiatives: SubFac Energy, mass & chemical balances; effect on continental growth and evolution Subduction parameters as forcing functions: production of magma and fluid Volatile cycles and chemical, physical & biological processes - trench to deep mantle Subduction Factory SubFac Izu-Bonin-Mariana Central America Allied: Cascadia, Aleutians • 79 NSF-MARGINS Awards • Major workshops: 1998, 2000, 2009 • Six Site and Topical workshops (site wkshps in 2007) • 3 Monographs or Special Issues

10. SubFac: IBM • 27 NSF-MARGINS Awards • Multiple field projects • 8 Major Workshops • Anatahan Rapid Response

11. Initiatives: SEIZE Seismogenic Zone Controls on seismic energy release during Earthquakes Temporal relationships among stress, strain, pore fluid pressure thru seismic cycle Controls on locked, unlocked regions on subduction interface Propagation, slip rates and distribution of fast, slow, tsunamigenic earthquakes SEIZE Nankai Central America • 40 NSF-MARGINS Awards • Major workshops in 1997, 2003, 2008 • NanTroSeize drilling started Sept 2007 • 2007 Seismogenic Zone Volume

12. SEIZE: Nankai • 11 NSF-MARGINS Awards • 6 Major SEIZE Workshops

13. NanTroSEIZE • 2006: 3D site survey • 2007-8: Chikyu Phase 1 * Integrated thermal modeling; tremor & slip inversions G. Moore et al., in press 3D imaging: Splay faults & tsunamis

14. SubFac/SEIZE: Central America • 41 NSF-MARGINS Awards • Multiple Field Projects • Several integrated workshops

15. What controls production, transport & storage of sediments & solutes from source to sink? (tectonics-climate-humans) What processes initiate erosion & sediment transfer, and what are critical feedbacks? How do sedimentary processes interact with tectonics, climate & human effects to build a stratigraphic record? Initiatives: S2S Source-to-Sink Waipaoa Fly-Gulf of Papua • 1st awards 2003 – 29 NSF-MARGINS Awards to date • Major Workshops: 2006, 2009 synthesis • Recent Special Issues • Complementary CSDMS modeling facility

16. S2S: New Zealand • 10 NSF-MARGINS Awards • 7 S2S Workshops • Multiple Field Projects

17. S2S: Papua New Guinea • 18 NSF-MARGINS Awards • Multiple Field Projects • 7 S2S Workshops

18. Initiatives: RCL What forces drive rift initiation, propagation and evolution? How does deformation vary in time & space, and why? How does crust evolve, physically & chemically, as rifting proceeds to spreading? What is role of magmatism and fluids in continental extension? Rupturing Continental Lithosphere Gulf of California/Salton Trough Allied: Red Sea; Focus Site pre-2006 • 30 NSF-MARGINS Awards • 6 Major workshops: 2000-2009 • 2 thematic Monographs

19. RCL: Gulf of California • 22 NSF- MARGINS Awards • Multiple Field Projects • 6 Major Workshops 2000-2009

20. RCL: Red Sea • Ancillary site • 5 NSF-MARGINS Awards before 2006

21. Izu-Bonin-Mariana Subduction System (Kodaira, Pozgay & Ryan, eds.) Special Theme G-Cubed, accepting contributions 2008-2010 Central American Subduction System (Alvarado, Hoernle & Silver, eds.) Special Theme G-Cubed, accepting contributions 2007-2009 Papuan Continuum: S2S (Nittrouer, Slingerland, & Dickens, eds.) Spec. Issue JGR-Earth Surface, March 2008 Waipaoa S2S (Kuehl & Carter, eds.) Spec. Issue Marine Geology, Expected Publication early 2009 Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica, Special Issue (Gill, Reagan, Tepley & Malavassi, eds.) J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 2006 2003 Anatahan Eruption Special Issue (Hilton, Pallister & Pua, eds.) J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 2005 The Seismogenic Zone of Subduction Thrust Faults (Dixon & Moore, eds.), Columbia Univ. Press Sept. 2007. Imaging …. Continental Lithosphere Extension and Breakup (Karner, Manatschal & Pinheiro, eds.), Geol. Soc. SP 282, 2007. Rheology and Deformation of Lithosphere at Continental Margins (Karner, Taylor, Driscoll & Kohlstedt, eds.), Columbia U. Press, 2004. Inside the Subduction Factory (Eiler, ed.), AGU Monogr. 138, 2004. Special Volumes and Books

22. Nature/Science papers: International Partnerships & MARGINS-funded work RCL PESCADOR Mexico U.K. SEIZE NanTroSEIZE Japan SubFac TUCAN Germany Costa Rica Nicaragua Nature, in press, Dec. 2007 Geochemical and Geophysical Evidence for Arc-Parallel Flow in the Mantle Wedge Beneath Costa Rica and Nicaragua K. Hoernle1,2, D. L. Abt3, K. M. Fischer3, H. Nichols1, F. Hauff2, G. A. Abers4, P. van den Bogaard1,2, K. Heydolph1, G. Alvarado5, J. M. Protti6, W. Strauch7

23. MARGINS Mini-Lessonshttp://serc.carleton.edu/margins/collection.html • Ready-to-use undergraduate learning modules • > 30 Mini-Lessons spanning MARGINS science and high-impact results

24. Events in 2009 • Major Workshops • April, New Zealand: S2S Synthesis • April-May, Charleston SC: RCL Synthesis • September: Mt. Hood, OR: TEI on Volatiles in the Subduction Factory • Education Highlights • Mini-Lesson Testing & Assessment (help needed) • Distinguished Lecture Program Year 5 • Decadal Review • Committee met Feb. 2009

25. 2009 Decadal Review • 102 one-page Research Nuggets from PIs • MSC, others wrote Review Documentation • Reviews of 4 Initiatives; management; broader impacts Future Program: • Build a successor program • Is a focused program needed, why not rely upon core funding? • How should program be structured?

26. MARGINS Successor Planning • Community-wide workshop Feb 2010 • Open to all • www.nsf-margins.org/SuccessorProgram • Draft Science Plan goes to NSF summer 2010.