Global Health Cluster Orientation Package

1. Global Health Cluster Orientation Package Module 1: The Background and Principles of the Humanitarian Reform

2. Module 1: Learning Objectives On completion of this module participants will have a good understanding of: • The background and purpose of the humanitarian reform • The principles behind the humanitarian reform • The objectives of the humanitarian reform

3. The Health Cluster Guide The Global Health Cluster has developed a practical guide for country-level implementation of the Health Cluster Available in English and French: www.who.int/hac/global_health_cluster/guide • online • hard copy • CD/ROM

4. IGOs CEDERA PNSs National military NGOs NGOs MIL Current context: is complex and changing • More natural disasters • Fewer new wars, but more long standing complex conflicts • Fewer refugees, but more internally displaced persons • More humanitarian actors UNDAC Affected Population WHO Donor Govt’s OSSOC OCHA Geneva Affected Government ICRC UNDP National Red Cross Humanitarian Coordinator HCR MEDIA UNICEF USAID/ DART CIMIC WFP IFRC Ambassadors

5. The need for the Humanitarian Reform The Humanitarian Response Review (2005) found: • Well-known and long-standing gaps • Unpredictable response capacity • Poor coordination and a proliferation of partnerships • Insufficient accountability • Inconsistent donor policies

6. Who is involved? IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee UN (full members) WHO UNDP UNHCR FAO UNFPA WFP UNICEF Others (Standing Invitees) OHCHR World Bank ICRC & IFRC UNSG IDP IOM, ICVA SCHR InterAction Major NGOs In practice, there is no difference made between full members and standing invitees)

7. The 3 Pillars of the Humanitarian Reform The Cluster Approach Adequate capacity and predictable leadership in all sectors Strengthening Humanitarian Financing Adequate, timely and flexible financing Strengthening Humanitarian Coordination Effective leadership and coordination in humanitarian emergencies Built on strong and consistent PARTNERSHIPS between UN and non-UN actors

8. Strengthening Humanitarian Coordination Need for: • A more effective humanitarian coordination system with more strategic leadership and coordination • The appointment of appropriately qualified and experienced Humanitarian Coordinators • A roster of experienced Humanitarian Coordinators • Professional development for Humanitarian Coordinators

9. Strengthening Humanitarian Financing Need for: • Predictable & timely funding • Diversity and complementarity of various funding mechanisms • Equitable and transparent funding modalities for UN and non - UN agencies • Strategies and channels for disbursement of funding which does not inhibit, and is not detrimental, to partnerships

10. The Cluster Approach Aims to: • Identify and address gaps • Strengthen humanitarian partnerships • Ensure predictability and accountability by clarifying the division of labour among agencies, and making the humanitarian community more accountable

11. Cluster Lead Agencies 1. Health WHO 2. Nutrition UNICEF 3. WASH UNICEF 4. Emergency Shelter UNHCR & IFRC 5. Camp Coordination & Management UNHCR & IOM 6. Education UNICEF & SCUK 7. Agriculture FAO 8. Protection UNHCR 9. Early Recovery UNDP 10. Logistics WFP 11. Emergency OCHA 12. Telecoms UNICEF, WFP

12. The key objectives of the Humanitarian Reform To ensure: • Sufficient humanitarian response capacity through enhanced leadership, accountability and predictability • Adequate, timely and flexible funding • Improved humanitarian coordination and leadership • More effective partnership between UN and non UN humanitarian actors

13. The cluster approach is based on building effective partnerships

14. The Principles of Partnership • Equality • Transparency • Result-oriented approach • Responsibility • Complementarity

15. The Challenges to Partnership Accessing funding Preferred agency independence Conflicting mandates Conflicting accountabilities Inconsistent agency engagement Limited capacity building potential Conflict of interest Difficulty representing diverse NGO interests Inclusiveness & participation versus need for action Limited opportunities for participation Perceived duplication in coordination

16. Effective Partnerships Are essential and will need: • A change in mind set • A change in how the humanitarian community works together • Putting beneficiary needs ahead of organisational needs No single agency can cover all humanitarian needs

17. Summary • Humanitarian Reform aims to improve predictability, timeliness, effectiveness of the response and to pave the way for recovery efforts • Government remains in the lead: the cluster approach builds on national and local capacities, not replaces

18. Module 1: Key Messages (1) Humanitarian Reform aims at improving the predictability, timeliness and effectiveness of the response to the humanitarian crisis

19. Module 1: Key Messages (2) Humanitarian Reform is based on five Principles of Partnership: • Equality • Transparency • Result orientated approach • Responsibility • Complementarity

20. Module 1: Key Messages (3) • Humanitarian reform is an IASC led reform with input and support from all humanitarian actors No longer reform but the way we work together

21. Resources Health Cluster Guide www.who.int/hac/global_health_cluster/guide Humanitarian Reform www.humanitarianreform.org Global Humanitarian Platform www.globalhumanitarianplatform.org

22. Discussion & Questions