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Elements and Compounds

Elements and Compounds. Elements All particles are alike The smallest particle of an element that is still recognizable is called an atom They can’t be broken down anymore without completely destroying it (nuclear explosion) They are found on the periodic table

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Elements and Compounds

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  1. Elements and Compounds • Elements • All particles are alike • The smallest particle of an element that is still recognizable is called an atom • They can’t be broken down anymore without completely destroying it (nuclear explosion) • They are found on the periodic table • Currently there are about 118 elements • Chemical symbols are used to represent the elements • Example: C=carbon, N=nitrogen…..

  2. Compounds (over 10 million exist) • Two or more elements chemically combined • Once combined, the properties of a compound are different than the elements that make it up! • They can be broken down in the elements that made them up. • Example: Sugar is C6H12O6 • made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen • looks nothing like C, H, O by themselves • can be broken down when burned • A molecule is a type of compound

  3. Chemical Formulas • A way to represent chemical substances • Example: Al2O3is aluminum oxide • The subscript2 means there are 2 aluminums • The subscript3 means there are 3 oxygens • Example: 3H2O • The coefficient 3 in front of H2O means there are 3 water molecules. • H2O + H2O + H2O = 6 hydrogens and 3 oxygens total

  4. Chemical Equations • Describe a chemical reaction or process • The following are the same process: • carbon dioxide and water  sugar and oxygen • CO2 + H2O  C6H12O6 + O2 • Balancing equations • CO2 + H2O  C6H12O6 + O2 is NOT balanced • The number of each atom must be equal on both sides of the equation. • In order to balance an equation, you can only add coefficientsNOT subscripts. • 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 IS balanced

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