5S Perspective Digital Libraries Foundations Workshop at JCDL 2007 Vancouver – June 23

1. 5S PerspectiveDigital Libraries FoundationsWorkshop at JCDL 2007Vancouver – June 23 Edward A. Fox Virginia Tech, USA fox@vt.edu http://fox.cs.vt.edu

2. Acknowledgements: Students • Ghaleb Abdulla, Robert France, Marcos Gonçalves, Doug Gorton, Rohit Kelapure, Neill Kipp, Aaron Krowne, Yi Ma, Paul Mather, Uma Murthy, Ananth Raghavan, Unni. Ravindranathan, Ryan Richardson, Rao Shen, Ricardo da Silva Torres, Srinivas Vemuri, Seungwon Yang, Qinwei Zhu, …

3. Acknowledgements: Faculty, Staff • Lillian Cassel, Lois Delcambre, Debra Dudley, Joanne Eustis, Weiguo Fan, James Flanagan, Sandy Grant, Eric Hallerman, Douglas Knight, Alberto Laender, David Maier, Manuel Perez-Quinones, Layne Watson, …

4. Other Collaborators (Selected) • Brazil: FUA, UFMG, UNICAMP • Case Western Reserve University • DELOS and its many members • Emory • Germany: Univ. Oldenburg • Portland State University

5. Acknowledgements: Support ACM, AOL, CAPES, CNI, DFG, IBM, IMLS, Microsoft, NDLTD, NLM, NSF (IIS-9986089, 0080748, 0086227, 0307867, 0325579, 0535057, 0535060; ITR-0325579; DUE-0121679, 0121741, 0136690, 0333531, 0333601, 0435059, 0532825, …), SUN, …

6. Outline • 5S and Generating DLs • 5S Framework • 5S definitions, services taxonomy, ontology • 5SL • 5SGraph • 5SGen (and DL development) • DL development of union DL • 5SGen into DSpace • 5S Metamodels • Minimal DL • Archaeology DL • CBIR DL • Union DL

7. 5S and Generating DLs • 5S Framework • 5S definitions, services taxonomy, ontology • 5SL • 5SGraph • 5SGen (and DL development) • DL development of union DL • 5SGen into DSpace

8. 5S Framework for DLs • serves as a basis for understanding (describing) and designing/developing digital libraries • 5S’s: Streams, Structures, Spaces, Scenarios, and Societies • defines a set of formal constraints and way of thinking about digital libraries

9. Informal 5S & DL DefinitionsDLs are complex systems that • help satisfy info needs of users (societies) • provide info services (scenarios) • organize info in usable ways (structures) • present info in usable ways (spaces) • communicate info with users (streams)

10. The 5 S’s

11. 5S and DL formal definitions and compositions (April 2004 TOIS)

15. Ontology: Applications

16. 5S Language (5SL) • An XML-based language for declarative specification (by DL designers) and generation (using 5SGen) of digital libraries • how content is stored; • how that content is organized, structured, described, and accessed; • which services are offered by the library; and • how users use those services • Uses known standards: • MIME types for file types, XML or RDF Schemas to define structure, • UIML (User Interface Markup Language) to define user interfaces, • UXF for Societies and Scenarios, and an XML version of UML (User Modeling Language) for other scenarios

17. 5SGraph • a graphical, domain specific digital library modeling tool • addresses the time required to specify a DL textually in 5SL

18. Scenario model for ETANA-DL

20. 5S related tools for DL development (incl. 5SGen)

21. 5S related integration toolkit and process

22. 5S and DSpace (Doug Gorton) • We can apply 5S to DSpace’s object model, architecture, interface, and other aspects. • We focus only on the major aspects of the software that are relatively easy to configure, either programmatically or manually in configuration files.

23. 5S and DSpace (2) • Having examined the DSpace software, we categorize its aspects based on the 5S model.

24. 5SGen – Version 2: ODL, Services, Scenarios

25. dlGen application uses a config file, a DL schema, and a model that adheres to the schema SpecificDLGen class dynamically loads and uses the class specified in the config file All S related classes interact with the file system and DSpace through APIs 5SGen Architecture

26. 5SGen Architecture (2) • In order to create structures, users, and other functions in a DSpace instance, we make use of DSpace’s APIs

27. Generation of the CSTC Collection • Fed our complete specification to the dlGen generator tool to create the live DSpace DL including the CSTC collection • Went very smoothly, throughout the process feedback was given as to progress, entire process took about 50 minutes

28. 5S Metamodels • Minimal DL • Archaeology DL • CBIR DL • Union DL

29. 5S definitional structure

30. Minimal archaeological DL in the5S framework (A.i is from minimal DL, j is new)

31. Stream Structure Space Service Society Image Stream Feature Vector KNNQ User Info Need RQ Structured Featute Vector Image Descriptor Visualization Operation Image Object Image Content Description Composite Descriptor Image Digital Object Image Descriptor Metadata Catalog Image Collection Content-based Image Searching Service Minimal CBIR DL

32. Union DL Definitions • A Minimal Union Digital Libraryintegrated from n DLs is given as a four-tuple: MinUnionDL=(Union Repository, Union Catalog, Minimal Union Services, Union Society). • DL Integration Problem Definition: Given n individual digital libraries (DL1, DL2, …, DLn), each defined as described above, to integrate the n DLs is to create a Union DL.

33. Member DLs of ETANA-DL

34. Architecture of ETANA-DL, with centralized catalog and partially decentralized repository

35. Summary • 5S and Generating DLs • 5S Framework • 5S definitions, services taxonomy, ontology • 5SL • 5SGraph • 5SGen (and DL development) • DL development of union DL • 5SGen into DSpace • 5S Metamodels • Minimal DL • Archaeology DL • CBIR DL • Union DL

36. Discussion