Presentation Transcript

1. Society depends on clean and safe water.

2. DIRECTIONS Make sure you click on SLIDE SHOW and then FROM THE BEGINNING. If you are not in the slideshow, the links will not work. Go through each slide to learn about how water is cleaned and polluted. Fill in your notes. You do not have to write word for word. You may work with your group. Once you finish, there are two links on the last slide about a water treatment facility and a water conservation game.
3. Treatment makes water safe for drinking. In many places, water is pumped from a nearby well dug into an underground aquifer. It is then piped to the city from reservoirs. Next, it is stored in takes before flowing through the pipes to your home. Water comes from many different sources and can contain impurities or bad organisms. Therefore, water is cleaned or treated before reaching your home.
4. Quality Standards Fresh water can contain many impurities. These can be in the water naturally or they can come from human activity. A concentration is the amount of a substance that is in another substance. When impurities reach high concentrations, it can harm humans. A government agency called Environmental Protection Agency sets the standards for clean drinking water. The EPA lists standards for harmful organisms that can causes disease. Water is checked regularly to make sure it meets the EPA requirements. As a result of the EPA, the United States has one of the safest, cleanest water supplies in the world.
5. Treatment of Drinking Water Water is a river or lake is piped to the treatment plant. Water flows through mixers, where clumping agents and disinfecting chemicals are added. A clumping agent is a substance that makes dirt and bacteria clump together. Water flows into a clarifying pool to become clearer. The dirt sinks to the bottom and is scraped away. 4. Water flows through layers of coal, sand, and gravel to filter out tiny particles of dust and dirt. 5. The water now looks clean and clear. Chlorine is added to kill the last of the bacteria. 6. The now clean, treated water leaves the plant. The water is stored in water tanks to provide water for the people.
6. Wastewater is treated and released. Sewage System: a system that collects and treats wastewater from a city or a town Sewage pipes carry the wastewater from homes and businesses to a water treatment plant The water is strained to remove large objects, it is then pumped into a tank where it sits until all objects sink to the bottom, chlorine is added to the water to kill bacteria. Oxygen is then pumped into the water. This causes bacteria to grow that cleans the sludge and oil. Chemicals then clean the water one more time. Septic System: small wastewater systems used by a home or business Common in highly populated areas that do not have central sewage treatment centers Wastewater is carried through pipe to an underground tank away from the home Most of the sludge sinks to the bottom, other sludge must be removed every couple of years
7. How water gets cleaned Click on the link below to see the water treatment in action: http://www.fcwa.org/story_of_water/html/plant.htm You will get your vocabulary words from this site to help you fill in your notes.
8. Water pollution comes from many sources. Sometimes water becomes way too polluted for humans to be able to consume it, even after treatment. Point-source pollution: pollution that enters water from a known source (ex: factories). Laws are in place to stop this pollution. Nonpoint-source pollution: pollution whose source is hard to find or is scattered. Rain and gravity cause runoff that carries oil, gas, pesticides, chemical paints, and detergents.
9. Water pollution can be prevented. Did you know that the water we use today is the same water the dinosaurs used? We cannot create new water. For millions of years, the water we have has been used again and again. We have been able to do this because there are natural cycles that clean the water each time we use it.
10. Pollution Source: Industry and Transportation Pollution Solution Factories can maintain pipelines and equipment to ensure harmful chemicals aren’t leaking Transportation companies can inspect and repair trucks, planes, ships to prevent oil and fuels from leaking onto pavement Recycling, less pavement during construction Businesses and cities dump chemicals and waste products into our rivers, lakes and oceans Factories often use a lot of water to process chemicals, keep engines cool, and for washing things away. The used waste water is sometimes dumped into rivers or the ocean. It can be full of pollutants. People also pollute the water by accident, by allowing their cars to leak oil and gas onto the ground. That oil and gas eventually washes into the water during rain storms and when people clean their driveways off with water.
11. Pollution Source: At Home Pollution Solution Take household chemicals to hazardous waste collecting sites, recycle electronic devices, choose organic groceries, stop using fertilizers in grass or gardens People throw trash–furniture, garbage, old tires, cars, old fencing, anything they can think of–into the water.
12. Now… Click on the website below and follow through a water treatment facility. http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/watertreatmentplant/flash/index.html IF YOU FINISH EVERYTHING ON YOUR NOTES AND THE GAME ABOVE, YOU CAN PLAY THE GAME BELOW: The H2O challenge game! Follow the directions on the site. Do not type your name anywhere on the site (even if you get high score) http://www.savewater.com.au/mission-h2o-game