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In Section. Next week: Read the rest of Bare Bones & Chapter 6 of Film Art . Section: COGN 21: watch La Jet é e (Chris Marker 1973, 28 min). Visualization of ideas (print storyboard handout from Course website). Syllabus is online: http://communication.ucsd.edu/goldfarb/cogn21w08/.
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In Section Next week: • Read the rest of Bare Bones& Chapter 6 of Film Art. Section: • COGN 21: watch La Jetée (Chris Marker 1973, 28 min). Visualization of ideas (print storyboard handout from Course website)
Syllabus is online: http://communication.ucsd.edu/goldfarb/cogn21w08/
Construction of the Moving Image Lenses, Light, Movement, Duration
Movement Pan - rotate from left to right, right to left along horizontal axis Tilt - rotate up and down, down and up along vertical axis
Movement Dolly (or Track) - moves toward or away from the subject along the Z-axis Truck (or Crab)- camera moves parallel to subject along the horizontal axis Arc- camera moves along an arc around the subject
Movement Crane shot - movement along vertical axis (emphasis up and down)
Movement Steadicam - a mechanical device that allows smooth “hand held” movement of camera, using counterbalances to reduce jolts from walking.
Lens Movement • Zoom In - from Wide to Close up / Medium • Zoom Out - from Close up / Medium to Wide (Zooming gives the experience of bringing the subject closer to the viewer. A Dolly moves the viewer closer to the subject.) • Rack focus - change area of focus within a shot
Lenses The components of a lens: • Focus Ring - Feet / meters to subject • Focal Length - macro, wide, medium (normal), telephoto (zoom) • Iris - Aperture - F Stop
F stopis the focal length divided by the diameter of the lens. • Numbers correspond to focal length divided by the diameter of the lens. • Each F Stop increment reduces or adds light by half.
Depth of Field • The difference in terms of focus of objects in foreground and background Determined by: • Focal length of the Lens • Iris / Aperture / Fstop / Tstop • Focus setting
Lenses: Primes and Zooms Primes: • Fish eye - super wide, distorts 5 - 10 mm • Wide angle lens 12 - 20 mm • Medium 25 - 50 mm • Telephoto 75 - 120 mm and up • Macro - long lens, focus on an object close to lens Zoom: variable focal length, 12 - 120 mm
Wide Angle Lenses • 10 mm, 12 mm • Large field of view • Greater depth of field • Size difference between near and far objects is greater
Medium Lenses • “Normal” lens - what your eye normally sees • 25mm - 50 mm • Objects in background and foreground different sizes - but not as great a difference as was seen with wide angle lens
The Telephoto Lens • Compresses space • Expands Time
Length of the Shot • Long take - reveals information, unfolds throughout the shot, never cuts • Shorter shots require additional shots next to them to convey information completely Examples of the long take: • Touch of Evil, Orson Welles, 1958 • Boogie Nights, Paul Thomas Anderson, 1998 (opening and ch 36) • Elephant, Gus Van Sant, 2003 • Rope, Alfred Hitchcock, 1948
Storyboards • Planning tool • Communicates among members of production team • Information conveyed: • Sequence • Shot Composition • Motion • Sound • Camera and Lighting Direction
Storyboards Preparing a sequence
Storyboards Preparing to shoot
PreProduction and Planning Jason Simon (28 min 1986) Production Notes: Fast Food for Thought This tape allows us to analyze the address of seven TV ads by means of repetition, slow motion, and "production notes"— memos sent from the advertising agency to the production company prior to filming the spots, to describe the intentions, desires, strategies and ideology of the commercials and their creators.