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Introduction to Robotics and the mind-machine interface

Shaun McGorry Executive Briefing July 16, 2009. Introduction to Robotics and the mind-machine interface. Introduction: Robotics. Robots are becoming increasingly present in our daily lives

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Introduction to Robotics and the mind-machine interface

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  1. Shaun McGorry Executive Briefing July 16, 2009 Introduction to Robotics and the mind-machine interface

  2. Introduction: Robotics • Robots are becoming increasingly present in our daily lives • Robot: a virtual or mechanicalartificialagent; usually an electro-mechanical system which, by its appearance or movements, conveys a sense that it has intent or agency of its own • Robotics: coined by Isaac Asimov; the science and technology of robots, and their design, manufacture, and application

  3. Introduction: Mind-Machine Interface • Brain-computer interface (BCI): sometimes called a direct neural interface or a mind-machine interface, is a direct communication pathway between a brain and an external device • Aimed at assisting, augmenting, or repairing human cognitive or sensory-motor functions • Following discussion: short overview of the history of robotics, details possible applications of this technology, and explores the different research that is taking place involving the mind-machine interface

  4. History of Robotics • Autonomous machines only appeared in the 20th century • Unimate: 1st digitally operated and programmable robot; installed in 1961 to lift hot pieces of metal from a die casting machine and stack them • Research on mind-machine interfaces (BCIs) began in the 1970s at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) under a grant from the National Science Foundation followed by a contract from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) • The field has since blossomed spectacularly, mostly toward neuroprosthetics applications that aim at restoring damaged hearing, sight and movement

  5. History of Robotics

  6. Applications Civilian Applications Military Applications • search and rescue • exploration • construction and repair projects in environments ranging from under water to outer space • fighting forest fires • hazardous waste clean-up • unmanned sea, air and ground weapons platforms that mirror the controller’s intent without the need for brain wave sensors or nerve connections • fighter jet cockpit controls that mirror the pilot’s intent without the need for brain sensors or nerve connections • AttacArmor (All Terrain Tactical Armor)

  7. Applications Both Civilian and Military • high-speed telecommunications systems and remote switching devices that cannot be jammed, intercepted, or limited by time or distance • biometrics to locate and identify individuals • encryption based on mental intention and unique patterns of influence

  8. Company Research

  9. Interchange Laboratories • California Corporation whose purpose is to develop and continually improve a non-invasive, non-contact mind-machine interface technology as well as related control and training methods • Mind-Machine Interface System effectively mirrors a person's intent with no connections to the body, or physiological sensors • Time and distance are no barriers and unlike radio waves, human mental influence of the MMIP cannot be intercepted or jammed • Early stages of development; now at the stage where it is powerful enough to drive a video game application over the internet

  10. Honda • Honda Research Institute, Japan, has demonstrated a Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) that enables a user to control an ASIMO robot using nothing more than thought • Wearing a headset the user simply imagines moving either his right hand, left hand, tongue or feet - and ASIMO makes a corresponding movement • System is still huge and slow, and the commands are quite crude and imprecise • The next step is to refine the system to work with fine motor controls, add the ability to decode non-motor brain signals and speed it all up

  11. Honda

  12. Toyota • Researchers at Toyota have unveiled an advanced brain sensing system that controls the movement of a wheelchair by reading a user's thoughts alone • By processing patterns in brain waves, the system can propel a wheelchair forward, as well as make turns, with virtually no discernable delay between thought and movement • An accuracy rate of 95% was achieved

  13. Summary • The Force, it appears, may be with us sooner than expected • Non-invasive, safe technology must become more refined and precise • Once this happens, imagination is the only limit • But if the recent run of mind-bending success in this field is any indication, the big breaks can come faster than expected

  14. Link • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q-fE9QBy0FI

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