Presentation Transcript

1. A Survey onUbicomp Research

   Minkyu Lee 2008. 08. 11 ISI Lab, ICU
2. Agenda Introduction A Scenario Location System Context-Aware System Service Discovery Dynamic Adaptation Rapid Prototyping Discussion
3. Many persons, One computer Fewer persons per computer One person per computer One person, few computer One person, Many computers!! People, appliances, locally, remotely, fixed, mobile, wired, wireless Introduction (1/2) Evolution of Computing Environment
4. Introduction (2/2) Ubiquitous Computing Vision The most profound technologies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it – Mark Weiser From Pervasive Computing: Vision and Challenges by Satyanarayanan, M.
5. A Scenario (1/1) Presentation Scenario Tom enters a meeting room to give a presentation Tom starts a presentation when all audiences are attended. A projector is automatically connected to Tom’s notebook and the lights in the room are turned-off Slides are shown in the screen System’s Scenario Location Sensing System senses Tom’s location tag System determines “Tom is in meeting Room” Context-Aware System determines “Presentation is going on” from multiple sensors Service Discovery (Interaction) Application in Tom’s notebook searches a proper projector device Light Service is invoked (turn-off) Dynamic Adaptation Presentation app. couldn’t find any services for slide streaming So, convert the slide file into PDF file and show the file with a PDF viewer
6. Location System (1/6) Presentation Scenario Tom enters a meeting room to give a presentation Tom starts a presentation when all audiences are attended. A projector is automatically connected to Tom’s notebook and the lights in the room are turned-off Slides are shown in the screen System’s Scenario Location Sensing System senses Tom’s location tag System determines “Tom is in meeting Room” Context-Aware System determines “Presentation is going on” from multiple sensors Service Discovery (Interaction) Application in Tom’s notebook searches a proper projector device Light Service is invoked (turn-off) Dynamic Adaptation Presentation app. couldn’t find any services for slide streaming So, convert the slide file into PDF file and show the file with a PDF viewer
7. Location System (2/6) Contents Location Sensing Technologies Location Middleware Architecture
8. Location System (3/6) Location Sensing Technologies Outdoor Navigation (GPS) Indoor (tag-based) Active Badge (Infrared ) Active Bat (Ultrasonic) UbiSense(UWB) Active Badge (Infrared) Active Bat (Ultrasonic) Navigation (GPS) UbiSense (UWB)
9. Location System (4/6) Location Sensing Technology Indoor (Other approaches) Smart Floor (Pressure Sensor) SpotOn (Active RFID) Tag-Grid (Passive RFID) RFID (product tracking) Tag-Grid (Passive RFID) RFID SpotOn (Active RFID) Smart Floor (Pressure)
10. Location System (5/6) Location Sensing Technologies Categorization by Approach Triangulation GPS, Infrared, Ultrasonic, UWB, Active RFID, … Proximity Passive RFID, Pressure, Motion Sensor, IR-Distance, … Scene analysis Camera + Projection, … Activity analysis Accelerometer, wearable sensors, … Accelerometer-Based TrackSense (Projector + Camera)
11. Location System (6/6) Location MiddlewareArchitecture Architecture of MiddleWhere (UIUC)
12. Context-Aware System (1/6) Presentation Scenario Tom enters a meeting room to give a presentation Tom starts a presentation when all audiences are attended. A projector is automatically connected to Tom’s notebook and the lights in the room are turned-off Slides are shown in the screen System’s Scenario Location Sensing System senses Tom’s location tag System determines “Tom is in meeting Room” Context-Aware System determines “Presentation is going on” from multiple sensors Service Discovery (Interaction) Application in Tom’s notebook searches a proper projector device Light Service is invoked (turn-off) Dynamic Adaptation Presentation app. couldn’t find any services for slide streaming So, convert the slide file into PDF file and show the file with a PDF viewer
13. Context-Aware System (2/6) Contents Context Sensing Context Modeling Context Reasoning Middleware Architecture
14. Context-Aware System (3/6) Context Sensing Physical sensors Virtual (Logical) sensors Context data from software, applications Light Sensor Temperature Sensor Humidity Sensor Motion Sensor Touch Sensor
15. Context-Aware System (4/6) Context Modeling Key-Value Model Markup Scheme Model XML/RDF Graphical Model UML Object-Oriented Model Hydrogen Logic-Based Model First-order logic Ontology-Based Model OWL DAML+OIL Ontology-Based Model Logic-Based Model
16. Context-Aware System (5/6) Context Reasoning Conditional expression (e.g., ECA, …) Logical inference (e.g. First-order logic, …) Probabilistic machine-learning (e.g. Markov Chain, …) Context reasoning by probabilistic machine-learning (5 situations from 8 sensors)
17. Context-Aware System (6/6) Light Control Bed Sensor Light Door Sensor Assertion TurnOff Query Service request Service Discovery Context Widget Context Widget Context Widget Dynamic Reconfiguration Open/Closed On/Empty On/Off/Brightness Light.TurnOff Context Management Context Interpreter Sleep? Sleep(Park, Bedroom) -> TurnOffLight Inference Engine Sleep(Park, Bedroom) <= Status(Door, Closed) ^ Status(Bed, On) ^ Entered(Park, Bedroom) Sleep Context Aggregator Entered Entered(Park, Bedroom) <= Status(Door, Open) ^ Location(Park, Bedroom) Context Base Context Aggregator General Middleware Architecture of Context-Aware System (excerpt from Lecture Note – by D. Lee)
18. Service Discovery (1/6) Presentation Scenario Tom enters a meeting room to give a presentation Tom starts a presentation when all audiences are attended. A projector is automatically connected to Tom’s notebook and the lights in the room are turned-off Slides are shown in the screen System’s Scenario Location Sensing System senses Tom’s location tag System determines “Tom is in meeting Room” Context-Aware System determines “Presentation is going on” from multiple sensors Service Discovery (Interaction) Application in Tom’s notebook searches a proper projector device Light Service is invoked (turn-off) Dynamic Adaptation Presentation app. couldn’t find any services for slide streaming So, convert the slide file into PDF file and show the file with a PDF viewer
19. Service Discovery (2/6) Contents Service Registration Service Selection Service Interaction Well-known Protocols
20. Service Discovery (3/6) Service Registration Service Description Template-based naming Predefined set of attributes Discovery Protocol Announcement-Based Query-Based Initial Communication Method Unicast Multicast Broadcast Service Registration and Discovery
21. Service Discovery (4/6) Service Selection Best Match / Exact Match Matching Factors Context-awareness Scope-awareness QoS-awareness Matching Approach Syntactic Matching signatures, types, … Semantic Matching service ontology Semantic Service Matching
22. Service Discovery (5/6) Service Interaction Service Invocation RPC (Salutation) Code Downloading (JINI) HTTP/SOAP/XML (UPnP) Service Status Inquiry Polling Event notification
23. Service Discovery (6/6) Well-known Protocols Research community INS Ninja SDS DEAPspace Software vendors JINI (Sun) Rendezvous (Apple) Industry standard community UPnP Salutation SLP Bluetooth SDP
24. Dynamic Adaptation (1/5) Presentation Scenario Tom enters a meeting room to give a presentation Tom starts a presentation when all audiences are attended. A projector is automatically connected to Tom’s notebook and the lights in the room are turned-off Slides are shown in the screen System’s Scenario Location Sensing System senses Tom’s location tag System determines “Tom is in meeting Room” Context-Aware System determines “Presentation is going on” from multiple sensors Service Discovery (Interaction) Application in Tom’s notebook searches a proper projector device Light Service is invoked (turn-off) Dynamic Adaptation Presentation app. couldn’t find any services for slide streaming So, convert the slide file into PDF file and show the file with a PDF viewer
25. Dynamic Adaptation (2/5) Contents Adaptation Overview Service Matching Service Adaptation
26. Dynamic Adaptation (3/5) Adaptation Overview Considerations Energy (Power) Resource constraints Context Location Network status Category Content Adaptation User-Interface Adaptation Service Adaptation User-Interface Adaptation (a) web-browser, (b) Java device (c) Palm device Content Adaptation (Degradation of image quality)
27. Dynamic Adaptation (4/5) Service Matching Preference weight Sousa’s PhD work in Aura Semantic similarity Ranganathan’s PhD work in Gaia Program analysis Ponnekanti’s PhD work in iWork Semantic similarity in ontology Preference weight -based
28. Dynamic Adaptation (5/5) Service Adaptation Automatic adapter generation Adapter chain construction Adapter Chain Adapter Generation
29. Rapid Prototyping (1/5) Presentation Scenario Tom enters a meeting room to give a presentation Tom starts a presentation when all audiences are attended. A projector is automatically connected to Tom’s notebook and the lights in the room are turned-off Slides are shown in the screen System’s Scenario Location Sensing System senses Tom’s location tag System determines “Tom is in meeting Room” Context-Aware System determines “Presentation is going on” from multiple sensors Service Discovery (Interaction) Application in Tom’s notebook searches a proper projector device Light Service is invoked (turn-off) Dynamic Adaptation Presentation app. couldn’t find any services for slide streaming So, convert the slide file into PDF file and show the file with a PDF viewer How to implement this scenario? We need to develop a prototype rapidly before to apply inactual situation
30. Rapid Prototyping (2/5) Contents Hardware Prototyping Software Prototyping
31. Rapid Prototyping (3/5) Hardware Prototyping For Smart Objects Smart-Its Wireless Comm. Microprocessor Small-sized For Smart Spaces Phidgets Wired (USB) No Microprocessor PC-based control Smart-Its Phidgets
32. Rapid Prototyping (4/5) Software Prototyping For Programmer VisualRDK (visual language for smart spaces) Topiary (for location-aware prototypes) VisualRDK Topiary
33. Rapid Prototyping (5/5) Software Prototyping For End-User CAMP (keyword combination) aCAPpella (demonstration) Playing with the Bits (graphical editor) SiteView (miniature based) aCAPpella SiteView Playing with the Bits CAMP
34. Discussion (1/2) Research Direction Script language for Rapid-prototyping (Ubiscript) Context representation/reasoning Dynamic adaptation/coordination Application/agent migration Runtime monitoring/debugging Sensor/actuator simulation Miniature for Smart Spaces
35. Discussion (2/2) Other Research Ideas Middleware for Ubiquitous Healthcare Health sensing technology Context-aware for physical/emotional situations of human Self-adaptive for u-Health application Middleware for Follow-Me Applications Application model for Follow-Me apps Self-adaptive Follow-Me apps Service transparency (seamless service provision)