Statistics and Researh Methods in Psychology

1. Statistics and Researh Methods in Psychology Professor Matt Jones

2. Course Overview • Website: http://matt.colorado.edu/teaching/stats • Approach • Conceptual understanding • Mathematical expression • Hands-on practice • Cumulative – hard to recover if you get behind • Difficult course • Plan on 10-15 hr/wk outside class for a good grade

3. Lectures Online Powerpoint slides Condensed outline Summaries of all equations

4. Labs • Hands-on experience running statistical analyses • R computer software • See syllabus for download instructions • Lesson by TA, followed by in-lab assignment • No labs this week

5. Homework • Problem sets, due each Tuesday • Turn in before lecture begins • Hw1 due 9/2

6. How to do Well in this Course • Come to every lecture • Ask questions • Read textbook • Do practice problems • Attend labs, do assignments • Weekly homework Grading • Homework • Lab assignments • Clicker participation • Midterms and final exam

7. Other Information • Please read syllabus carefully • 3 midterms, 1 final exam (see schedule) • Book: Gravetter & Wallnau, 8th Edition • Calculator for exams: No graphing calculators

8. Clicker Check • Statistics is A. Exciting B. Mildly Interesting C. Scary D. Required

9. What is Statistics? • Mathematical tools for telling what’s real from random chance • 3 heads? 100 heads? • Powerful theory about how information works • Same principles the brain uses to understand environment • Offers deep insights into nature of reality

10. 112 130 121 100 145 151 103 144 122 97 85 91 88 35 62 45 IQ Average = 110.13 Average = 93.75 CU > CSU ?

11. 136 55 100 112 43 55 55 100 187 154 88 145 133 100 97 97 178 67 133 130 61 106 40 142 115 85 85 67 19 121 145 82 148 166 70 73 70 25 79 124 139 100 109 154 82 40 91 64 13 106 37 112 139 76 166 67 130 172 79 112 169 133 127 145 Average = 120.25 Average = 101.13 Average = 92.50 Average = 91.75 Average = 110.13 Average = 111.25 Average = 108.25 Average = 83.50 IQ 178 154 136 103 94 181 91 109 46 28 31 175 55 154 142 187 34 70 100 136 43 13 52 31 55 97 61 100 58 49 34 175 37 139 106 19 184 88 112 64 136 100 70 34 187 142 154 55 175 31 88 61 145 52 28 16 103 133 130 73 49 58 100 61 97 55 31 52 13 43 97 151 100 178 184 94 67 160 139 163 73 130 133 103 16 28 52 145 61 88 118 13 37 64 181 82 91 106 157 40 49 115 43 25 85 109 121 166 19 76 76 172 157 22 16 85 142 130 151 67 121 124 160 40 145 127 100 82 133 169 70 187 73 115 25 79 148 118 163 166 166 163 118 148 79 25 115 73 187 70 148 46 58 169 112 172 22 124 127 79 163 139 160 67 94 184 178 100 151 97 28 46 109 91 181 94 103 136 154 178 40 157 106 91 82 181 64 37 13 118 64 112 88 184 19 106 139 37 175 34 76 19 166 121 109 85 25 43 115 49 67 151 130 142 85 16 22 157 172 76 79 127 124 22 172 112 169 58 46 148 169 133 82 100 127 145 40 160 124 121 Average = 100.00 Average = 100.00

12. Goals of Statistics • Population • The group of people/events a theory applies to • Sample • The people/events observed in a particular study • Goal: Use sample to make conclusions about population • Challenge: Sampling variability • Samples have an element of randomness • Never perfectly represent population • Central question: Reliability • How to decide when a pattern in your sample is likely to be true about population as a whole? • Or, is it due to sampling variability (chance)?

13. 112 100 122 145 144 121 151 130 145 112 134 159 107 103 182 114 100 125 151 144 121 130 103 119 137 122 62 97 88 85 62 35 91 45 45 35 72 93 75 54 76 97 82 85 88 84 91 25 Average = 110.13 Average = 93.75 Factors Affecting Reliability Average = 110.13 Average = 93.75  Sample Size

14. 112 117 130 100 121 100 106 145 151 144 106 103 105 122 103 107 114 101 111 122 96 97 85 91 45 35 78 88 87 96 82 62 Factors Affecting Reliability Average = 110.13 Average = 93.75 Average = 110.13 Average = 93.75

15. 58 61 97 31 105 105 97 97 104 49 49 49 49 58 58 58 100 100 100 100 61 61 61 97 97 97 55 55 55 55 31 31 31 52 52 52 52 13 13 13 13 43 43 43 43 100 100 100 105 100 100 100 108 108 108 108 108 108 99 99 99 97 106 106 106 104 104 106 106 106 178 178 103 94 181 109 46 105 104 104 178 178 154 154 154 154 136 136 136 136 103 103 103 94 94 94 181 181 181 91 91 91 91 109 109 109 46 46 46 28 28 28 28 93 93 93 108 108 108 96 96 96 105 105 104 104 109 109 109 93 93 93 97 97 97 100 100 100 104 104 175 175 139 184 99 99 92 103 103 34 34 34 34 175 175 37 37 37 37 139 139 139 106 106 106 106 19 19 19 19 184 184 184 88 88 88 88 112 112 112 112 64 64 64 64 99 96 96 96 105 105 105 95 95 95 93 93 93 92 92 100 100 100 103 103 103 103 97 97 97 22 16 85 130 67 67 108 99 94 76 76 76 76 172 172 172 172 157 157 157 157 22 22 22 16 16 16 85 85 85 142 142 142 142 130 130 130 151 151 151 151 67 67 102 102 102 92 92 92 94 94 94 96 96 96 108 108 98 98 98 99 99 101 101 101 106 106 106 94 94 121 124 124 124 145 127 169 95 95 93 101 92 121 121 121 124 160 160 160 160 40 40 40 40 145 145 145 127 127 127 100 100 100 100 82 82 82 82 133 133 133 133 169 169 169 95 102 102 102 94 94 94 93 93 99 99 99 101 101 102 102 102 107 107 107 92 92 97 97 97 148 25 73 187 96 101 102 166 166 166 166 163 163 163 163 118 118 118 118 148 148 148 79 79 79 79 25 25 25 115 115 115 115 73 73 73 187 187 187 70 70 70 70 105 105 105 95 95 95 96 96 107 107 107 101 101 107 107 107 92 92 92 102 102 103 103 103 98 98 98 Average = 111.63 Average = 87.25 Average = 125.5 Average = 121 Average = 100.5 Average = 99.13 Average = 99.5 Factors Affecting Reliability

16. 112 117 130 100 121 100 106 145 151 144 106 103 105 122 103 107 114 101 111 122 96 97 85 91 45 35 88 78 87 96 82 62 Factors Affecting Reliability Average = 110.13 Average = 93.75  Variability Average = 110.13 Average = 93.75

17. 112 117 151 139 130 121 146 145 144 100 102 122 103 105 126 117 135 150 45 98 30 97 85 91 35 96 88 57 83 90 40 62 Average = 115.13 Average = 88.75 Factors Affecting Reliability Average = 110.13 Average = 93.75  Effect Size

18. Factors Affecting Reliability Effect Size Variability Sample Size Math!