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WHOLE NUMBERS MULTIPLICATION

MATH. WHOLE NUMBERS MULTIPLICATION. MULTIPLICATION. THE ANSWER TO A MULTIPLICATION PROBLEM IS CALLED THE PRODUCT. WHEN YOU MULTIPLY TWO NUMBERS, YOU USUALLY PUT THE NUMBER WITH MORE DIGITS ON TOP. START BY MULTIPLYING THE UNITS. EXAMPLE: 1. Find the product of 28 and 407.

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WHOLE NUMBERS MULTIPLICATION

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  1. MATH WHOLE NUMBERSMULTIPLICATION

  2. MULTIPLICATION • THE ANSWER TO A MULTIPLICATION PROBLEM IS CALLED THE PRODUCT. WHEN YOU MULTIPLY TWO NUMBERS, YOU USUALLY PUT THE NUMBER WITH MORE DIGITS ON TOP. START BY MULTIPLYING THE UNITS

  3. EXAMPLE: 1 Find the product of 28 and 407. 5 5 5 (1) 407 (2) 407 (3) 407 (4) 407 X 28 X 28 X 28 X 28 _____ ______ ______ ____ 3256 3256 3256 814 814 ____ 11,396

  4. STEPS TO PERFORM: • STEP 1 Put 407 on top. • STEP 2 Multiply 407 by 8. Start this part of the answer under the units column. Note that 8 x 0 = 0, So you just bring down the regrouped digit, 5. • STEP 3 Multiply 407 by 2. Start this part of the answer under the tens column. • STEP 4 Add the results from steps 2 and 3.

  5. CHECKING YOUR WORK • To check a multiplication problem, divide the answer by one of the numbers you multiplied. The result should be the other number you multiplied. Example: 18 x 6 ____ 108 Check: 108 divided by 6 = 18

  6. EASY METHOD: • When you multiply two numbers and one is a multiple of 10 (10, 20, 200, and so on), place the multiple of 10 at the bottom of the problem to make it easier to multiply. • EXAMPLE: Find the product of 38 and 100. (1) 38 (2) 38 x 100 x 100 _______ _______ 3800 Step 1: Place 100 on the bottom. Step 2: Multiply by 100.

  7. DIVISION • The symbol / means to divide. 56 divided by 8 is written as 8/56. The answer to a division problem is called the quotient. EXAMPLE: 798 divided by 38 = ? (1) 38 /798 (2) 2 (3) 21 38/798 38/798 76 76 ____ ____ 3 38 38 ____ 0

  8. STEPS: Step 1: Put the number being divided (798) inside the frame. Step 2: Does 38 go into 7? No. Since 38 is too big, look at the 1st two digits- 79. How many times does 38 go into 79? Put a 2 above the tens place. Multiply 2 by 38; then subtract. Step 3: Bring down the 8. How many times does 38 go into 38? One time. Put the 1 above the units place. Multiply 1 by 38. Subtract. There is no remainder.

  9. CHECKING: • To check a problem, multiply the answer by the number you divided by. Then add any remainder. The result should be the number you divided into. • Example: 17r3 Check 17 9/156 x 9 9 ____ ____ 153 66 + 3 63 ____ ____ 156 3

  10. SPECIAL PROBLEM • Zeros in division problems can create extra trouble. Look at the example. 207 Check 207 13/ 2691 x 13 26 ____ ____ 621 09 207 0 ____ ____ 2691 91 91 ____ 0 The zero in the answer above holds the tens place. This zero means13 did not divide into 9

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