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Barry A. Berejikian and Megan E. Moore

Variation in the effectiveness of alternative broodstock , rearing, and release practices among three supplemented steelhead populations - Hood Canal, WA . Barry A. Berejikian and Megan E. Moore NOAA Fisheries Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Manchester Research Station.

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Barry A. Berejikian and Megan E. Moore

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  1. Variation in the effectiveness of alternative broodstock, rearing, and release practices among three supplemented steelhead populations - Hood Canal, WA Barry A. Berejikian and Megan E. Moore NOAA Fisheries Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Manchester Research Station

  2. Acknowledgements • NWFSC Behavioral Ecology Team • Long Live the Kings • Hood Canal Salmon Enhancement Group • Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife • US Fish and Wildlife Service • US Forest Service • Hood Canal Private Landowners • Skokomish Tribe • Point No Point Treaty Tribes

  3. Hatchery experiment • Replicated, before-during-after-control-impact experiment (RBACI) • Response variables = • spawner abundance and spawn timing, • freshwater productivity (egg to smolt) • life history diversity • genetic variation • Other stuff (C)

  4. Hood Canal stream habitat and population traits ~April 25

  5. Domestication selection in steelhead hatcheries • Problem: Late/spring spawn timing of wild steelhead precludes age-1 smolt rearing without inducing size selection after release • Ha: Fitness loss caused by • Selection for rapid growth rates and correlated traits (vis. Berejikian et al. 1996, Reisenbichler et al. 2004, Araki et al. 2008) • Artificial breeding • Potential solutions: Avoid artificial breeding and rear to modal age-at-smoltification

  6. Age-at-smoltification in Hood Canal steelhead populations Ageing: WDFW ageing laboratory

  7. Hood Canal steelhead hatcheries LLTK Lilliwaup Hatchery ( C) Hamma Hamma Duckabush Dewatto Release: Age-2 smolts Age-4 and -5 adults WDFW McKernan Hatchery SF Skokomish

  8. Variation in egg collections

  9. Egg collection and release numbers

  10. Smolt size

  11. McKernan Hatchery Lilliwaup Hatchery May be show individual population growth trajectories

  12. Smolt quality Smolt index is significantly correlated with early marine survival (Moore et al. in prep)

  13. Photo by Teresa Sjostrom Acoustic Telemetry Moore et al. in review

  14. Early marine survival (release to Hood Canal Bridge) Moore et al. 2010 and Moore et al. in prep

  15. Why differences in smolt quality?

  16. Spawner abundance estimates

  17. Summary • Juvenile steelhead rearing regimes can be modified to match modal age-at-smoltification and natural smolt size • Smolt quality and precocial male maturation can vary substantially between hatcheries even under the same protocols • Rearing density may warrant a closer look • Simple metrics for smolt quality correspond to early marine survival estimates

  18. Extra Stuff Follows

  19. Berejikian et al. 2011b. Env. Biol. Fish.

  20. Early marine survival

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