FCS-FNL-5. Students will explain the nutritional requirements of the stages of childhood

1. FCS-FNL-5. Students will explain the nutritional requirements of the stages of childhood a. Analyze the causes, treatment, and prevention of childhood obesity. b. Evaluate a school nutrition program for meeting the nutritional needs at different stages of childhood and determine and recommend any needed changes to the program. c. Investigate nutrients that may pose problems in the diet and evaluate the use of dietary supplements in early childhood. d. Identify children at nutritional risk.

2. Do you have memories like this? • Bill Cosby tells Rudy she will “sit there until she eats the vegetables” • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ey4IeVB4_eY • Do you have memories of your parents “making” you eat your vegetables? • Now that you are older, do you understand why they wanted you to do this? • Do you think that you will make your future children “sit there until they eat the vegetables”?

3. CHILDHOOD OBESITY • Children who are obese are more likely to suffer from type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases • Childhood obesity can affect a child’s self-esteem and self-concept • Characteristics of CO • Non-European descent • Family history of type 2 diabetes • Low family income • Eat when they are not hungry • Watch excessive amounts of TV • Sedentary lifestyles • Parents who are obese

4. CHILDHOOD OBESITY • Treatment/Prevention • Appropriate food portions • Setting regular mealtimes • Nutritious snacks • Limiting high sugar/high fat foods • Parents set a good example • Physical activity • Slow down eating • Limiting TV time • Parents should not use food as a reward/punishment

5. A&E Video: Obesity • Points of interest while watching the video: • What social commonalities do you see with the children in the video? • What commonalities do each set of parents share? • What were the excuses the children and parents gave for the obesity? • Think of the list of characteristics discussed in class. Make a note of which characteristic each child exhibits.

6. ???? Land • Design your own HEALTHY version of the classic children’s game “Candy Land” • The object of the game is to advance to a healthy life by avoiding factors that contribute to obesity, as well as making healthy food choices • Include in your game ways to prevent obesity • Examples could include: • Eat an apple, advance one space • Play outside for 30 minutes, advance two spaces • Eat a candy bar and drink a coke for lunch, lose a turn • Include the “bad guys” of obesity and the “good guys” of healthy nutrition • Examples could include • Harry Hypertension • Dungeon of Diabetes • Bouncing Broccoli

7. SCHOOL NUTRITION • School nutrition for childhood usually starts at the preschool years and continues through sixth grade • It is important to remember that sweets should be limited in a nutritious diet; nutrient-rich foods should be used to satisfy hunger • Children develop tastes for certain foods at an early ageand the eating habits and attitudes children learn are likely to last a lifetime

8. SCHOOL NUTRITION • School lunches must follow the Dietary Guidelines • Recommended that no more than 30 percent of an individual's calories come from fat and less than 10 percent from saturated fat. • Provide 1/3 of the Recommended Dietary Allowances of protein, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, iron, calcium, and calories. • Must meet Federal nutrition requirements, but decisions about what specific foods to serve and how they are prepared are made by local school food authorities. http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/lunch/AboutLunch/NSLPFactSheet.pdf

9. SCHOOL NUTRITION • The 2006 Child Nutrition Act mandated that every school district that participates in Federally funded meal programs develop a School Wellness Policy • The policy includes rules on vending machines, competitive food items, and nutrition education Play Clip from Super Size Me

10. Childs Menu and Aesthetic Values

11. Childs Menu and Aesthetic Values Summary: Color is mostly brown…more colors could be used. Texture is mostly soft or liquid…Shapes and sizes should be varied

12. NUTRIENT ISSUES and DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS • Common nutrient deficiencies • Protein, energy, vitamin A, iron, and zinc • In the U.S., these deficiencies usually go unnoticed • Iron deficiency seems to be the most common of the above • Anemia can result from this deficiency • Iron supplements should only be suggested by a physician • Iron toxicity (through ingesting too many iron pills) is the leading cause of poisoning

13. CHILDREN AT NUTRITIONAL RISK • Both parents work irregular schedules • Children need a regular meal schedule • Feeling tired or cranky from hunger will affect their appetites • Low income families • Healthy food costs more and children need HEALTHY snacks • Their stomachs are small, but their energy levels are high and they are not able to eat enough at dinner time to satisfy the need • Parents/Family have history of obesity or chronic disease • Children who have food allergies or intolerances

14. CHILDREN AT NUTRITIONAL RISK • Sometimes children go through food jags, or wanting one food for a while • They usually don’t last very long, keep introducing new foods • Make sure mealtime is pleasant, serve colorful foods, small servings, ask them to help cook, let them help fix their plate