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How did India develop?

How did India develop?. 1500 BCE-1100CE. The Vedic Age 1500-500 BCE. Aryas -light skinned Indo Europeans invaded north Dasas –dark skinned pushed south Skin color will create basis for society-the caste system 1. Brahmin-priests and scholars 2. Kshatriya- warriors and officials

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How did India develop?

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  1. How did India develop? 1500 BCE-1100CE

  2. The Vedic Age 1500-500 BCE • Aryas-light skinned Indo Europeans invaded north • Dasas –dark skinned pushed south • Skin color will create basis for society-the caste system • 1. Brahmin-priests and scholars • 2. Kshatriya- warriors and officials • 3. Vaishya- merchants and landowners • 4. Shudra-peasants • 5. Untouchables- performed dirty jobs • Brahman were the only literate and allowed to recite Vedas • Karma-only option to move up in caste through reincarnation • Vedic Religion transform into Hinduism in 4th century BCE

  3. Hinduism • Vishnu god-North • Shiva god- South • Gods are bathed, fed and clothed • Pilgrimage • Women: -could not own or inherit property -often had arranged marriages -often killed female infants -excluded from society if they widowed before having a son -Who were widowed with sons couldn’t remarry -were expected to perform sati otherwise excluded from society

  4. Buddhism • Siddhartha Gautama 563-483 BCE • Known as Buddha-”The Enlightened One” sought the true nature of reality • “Four Noble Truths” • 1. Life is suffering • 2. Suffering arises from desires • 3. The solution to suffering is to control desires • 4. Desires can be controlled if you follow the Eight Fold Path • “Eight Fold Path” • Maintain right views, aspirations, speech, conduct, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and meditation.

  5. South Asian EmpiresHow did the Mauryan and Gupta Empires rise and fall? • Maurya: 321-185 BCE • Strong central government • Army: chariots, infantry and elephants • united almost all of Indian subcontinent • Asoka • Harsh ruler • Changed his demeanor, switched to Buddhism • Sacredness of cows • helped spread Buddhism w missionaries along the roads of India • Rejected the caste system • Women gain some privileges • After Ashoka’s death, kingdom divided again until the Gupta’s rose to power • 185 BCE the empire crumbles

  6. End of Buddhism • Monks lose focus • Brahmins take over • More focus on Hinduism • Buddha becomes a Hindu god • By the Third century, Buddhism declines • Moves to Asia

  7. Gupta Empire • 320 CE the Gupta family rules India • Led to 300 years of peace and prosperity: Golden Age of India • Gov’t was decentralized (local rulers retained control but obeyed Gupta law) • Hinduism is major religion • Strict caste system • Women lost status (Sati, female babies are killed, are considered outcasts if they remarry) • Golden Age of India • Sanskrit becomes language of educated • Technology/discoveries: Pi (3.14), concept of zero, Arabic numerals, decimal system, astronomy, surgical procedures and medicine (ideas spread to the west) • Trade increased with Rome

  8. Decline • regional leaders gained more power • weak emperors, decline in trade, Diseases, bad harvests • taxes overburden peasants • 550 CE Huns invade through the Himalayas • Internal power struggles • Broke into local governments similar to Rome and Han

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