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Biomaterials: In Vitro Model Systems

Biomaterials: In Vitro Model Systems. ChemEng 575: Lecture 17 4 /17/14. 1. Tissue Explants Human Tissue explants to test HIV infection. 1. Tissue Explants Human Tissue explants to test HIV infection. 1B. Plant Tissue Explants. Pros and Cons of Tissue Explant Culture.

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Biomaterials: In Vitro Model Systems

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  1. Biomaterials: In Vitro Model Systems ChemEng575: Lecture 17 4/17/14

  2. 1. Tissue ExplantsHuman Tissue explants to test HIV infection

  3. 1. Tissue ExplantsHuman Tissue explants to test HIV infection

  4. 1B. Plant Tissue Explants

  5. Pros and Cons of Tissue Explant Culture

  6. 2. Cell-Free Tissue Explants, Proteins Matrigel Type 1 Collagen

  7. 2B. Cell-Free Tissue Explants, Organs Heart Valves, from cadavers or animals Rat heart lungs

  8. Pros and Cons of Cell-Free Explants

  9. 2C. Biomaterials that look like proteinsElectrospinning Collagen Gel

  10. 2C. Biomaterials that look like proteinsSelf Assembled Peptide Gels Engineered Amino Acids Roger Kamm Lipid like proteins: form worm-like micelles Dave Tirrell

  11. Pros and Cons of Fibrillar Biomaterials

  12. 3. Model systems to predict implant performance • Critical-sized bone defects necessitate implanted scaffolds • Current work attempts to incorporate MSCs into scaffolds (either autologously or via donor) to aid in regeneration Bone progenitor cells blood vessels • Scaffolds can promote survival, proliferation, and differentiation of MSCs • This motivates us to investigate MSC motility within scaffold bone graft device Current Implanted Scaffolds: PLGA, PCL, ceramics, demineralized bone, etc. Very stiff, porous (5-150um pores), with defined degradation profiles

  13. Defined Macropores in Non-Degradable PEG Environment Stachowiak et. al., Adv. Mat., 2004 PEG polymerized with UV Light Beads leached Porous, ordered hydrogel Cell Spherical Diameter: ~16um Peyton et. al. 2011, Biotech and Bioeng

  14. MSCs Exhibit Diverse Migration Phenotypes in 3D Scaffolds 7um pore, Cell Trapped in Chamber 7um pore, Cell Jumps NOTE: Cell diameter (sphere) = 16um 17um pore, Cell Jumps 17um pore, Cell Stays in Chamber

  15. Pros and Cons of Model Systems

  16. 4. Tissue mimicking systems • Model System: Liver Cancer. Sorafenib is FDA approved, but can only extend a patient’s life for 3 months. • Do physicochemical cues from the ECM can help HCC cells to survive during the presence of sorafenib? • Explore the role of ECM in regulating HCC cells’ growth during the presence of sorafenib -> possibly identify a new drug target

  17. 4. Tumors on a chip Forbes Lab Tumor spheroids

  18. 4. Organs on a chip Lung on a chip Don Ingber Liver bioreactor Linda Griffith

  19. Pros and Cons of Tissue Mimicking Systems

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