OBJ 1

1. OBJ 1 This picture indicates that the chemical represented is? F) pressurized G) Corrosive H) flammable J) toxic

2. OBJ 1 This picture indicates that the chemical represented is? F) pressurized G) Corrosive H) flammable J) toxic

3. Obj 1 The table shows the results of a study testing the effectiveness of an ulcer medication. Why was one group given a sugar tablet?

4. Obj 1 The table shows the results of a study testing the effectiveness of an ulcer medication. Why was one group given a sugar tablet? CONTROL

5. OBJ 1 • A benefit of knowing whether a person with a respiratory infection has an elevated level of this protein in the blood? A) A set of aerobic exercises can be recommended. B) A diet of essential nutrients can be recommended. C) A decision can be made about whether to take an x-ray. D) A decision can be made about whether to use antibiotics.

6. OBJ 1 • A benefit of knowing whether a person with a respiratory infection has an elevated level of this protein in the blood? A) A set of aerobic exercises can be recommended. B) A diet of essential nutrients can be recommended. C) A decision can be made about whether to take an x-ray. D) A decision can be made about whether to use antibiotics.

7. OBJ 1 • Two students measured the length of the same stick, each using a different 30 cm ruler. One student reported a length of 22 cm, and the other reported a length of 8 cm. The most likely explanation for the difference in the reported values is that one —

8. OBJ 1 • Two students measured the length of the same stick, each using a different 30 cm ruler. One student reported a length of 22 cm, and the other reported a length of 8 cm. The most likely explanation for the difference in the reported values is that one — STUDENTS IMPROPERLY READ RULER

9. OBJ 1 • The table above shows percent differences in cytochrome c in four different animals. According to the table, which two animals are most closely related to each other?

10. OBJ 1 • The table above shows percent differences in cytochrome c in four different animals. According to the table, which two animals are most closely related to each other?

11. OBJ 1 • The table shows the results of a study testing the effectiveness of an ulcer medication. Why was one group given a sugar tablet? What is the sugar pill called? All experiments need what?

12. OBJ 1 • The table shows the results of a study testing the effectiveness of an ulcer medication. Why was one group given a sugar tablet? CONTROL What is the sugar pill called? PLACEBO All experiments need what? CONTROL GROUP

13. OBJ 1 A glass is held upside down so that its open end is closed by the water’s surface. Soon air bubbles begin to escape from the glass. The best explanation for this observation is that —

14. OBJ 1 A glass is held upside down so that its open end is closed by the water’s surface. Soon air bubbles begin to escape from the glass. The best explanation for this observation is that — air trapped in the glass is warmed and expands in volume so it pushes out

15. OBJ 1 A researcher determined the percentage of electrical energy transformed into different forms of energy by a toaster. The best way to communicate these results is to display the data using a — F) histogram G) circle graph H) line graph J) box-whisker graph

16. OBJ 1 A researcher determined the percentage of electrical energy transformed into different forms of energy by a toaster. The best way to communicate these results is to display the data using a — F) histogram G) circle graph H) line graph J) box-whisker graph

17. OBJ 1 • A valid study would include a control group containing — • CONTROLS NEED EVERYTHING BUT THE THINGS THAT YOU ARE TESTING

18. Obj 2 How is the circulatory system related to the digestive system? F) The brain stem controls the heart rate. G) Blood carries nutrients to body cells. H) Stomach muscles contract and expand. J) The pharynx is a passageway for air and food.

19. Obj 2 How is the circulatory system related to the digestive system? F) The brain stem controls the heart rate. G) Blood carries nutrients to body cells. H) Stomach muscles contract and expand. J) The pharynx is a passageway for air and food.

20. OBJ 2 What do the results indicate?

21. OBJ 2 What do the results of this investigation indicate?

22. OBJ 2 What do the results of this investigation indicate?

23. Obj 3 In this diagram of a marine food web, which term describes the sea turtles? A) Aquatic herbivores B) Autotrophic producers C) Third-level consumers D) Primary decomposers

24. Obj 3 In this diagram of a marine food web, which term describes the sea turtles? A) Aquatic herbivores B) Autotrophic producers C) Third-level consumers D) Primary decomposers

25. OBJ 3 • Which of these best describes the relationship between epiphytes and trees? F) Parasitism G) Migration H) Commensalism J) Predation

26. OBJ 3 • Which of these best describes the relationship between epiphytes and trees? F) Parasitism G) Migration H) Commensalism • Predation KILL (EAT) = PREDATION COMMENSALISM = DOESN’t MATTER – BOTHER THEM

27. OBJ 3 The diagram is intended to show relationships in an ecosystem. What do the arrows represent? F) The direction of population migration G) Differences in dietary habits H) Progressively smaller organisms J) The direction of energy flow

28. OBJ 3 The diagram is intended to show relationships in an ecosystem. What do the arrows represent? F) The direction of population migration G) Differences in dietary habits H) Progressively smaller organisms J) The direction of energy flow

29. OBJ 3 Streptococcus infection in a person’s throat can cause pain and fever. Streptococcus can be controlled by antibiotics. Streptococcus is a — F) virus G) bacterium H) protozoan J) fungus

30. OBJ 3 Streptococcus infection in a person’s throat can cause pain and fever. Streptococcus can be controlled by antibiotics. Streptococcus is a — F) virus G) bacterium H) protozoan J) fungus

31. OBJ 3

32. OBJ 3

33. Obj 4 The ionic compounds that result from combining Group 2 and Group 16 elements have a 1:1 ratio because —

34. Obj 4 • The ionic compounds that result from combining Group 2 and Group 16 elements have a 1:1 ratio because —

35. Obj 4 • The ionic compounds that result from combining Group 2 and Group 16 elements have a 1:1 ratio because —

36. Obj 4 • The ionic compounds that result from combining Group 2 and Group 16 elements have a 1:1 ratio because —

37. OBJ 4 As the viscosity of a liquid increases, the liquid? A) conducts electricity B) pours more slowly C) Pours less slowly

38. OBJ 4 As the viscosity of a liquid increases, the liquid? A) conducts electricity B) pours more slowly C) Pours less slowly

39. OBJ 4 Which of these describes a chemical change? F) Frost disappears from a window in the morning. G) A decrease in temperature reduces the volume of a gas. H) Soot is formed as a candle burns. J) A cup of hot tea cools down.

40. OBJ 4 Which of these describes a chemical change? F) Frost disappears from a window in the morning. G) A decrease in temperature reduces the volume of a gas. H) Soot is formed as a candle burns. J) A cup of hot tea cools down.

41. OBJ 4 Which process best demonstrates a chemical change in distilled water? A) Freezing the water B) Separating the water into its elements C) Calculating the water’s density D) Dissolving sugar in the water

42. OBJ 4 Which process best demonstrates a chemical change in distilled water? A) Freezing the water B) Separating the water into its elements C) Calculating the water’s density D) Dissolving sugar in the water

43. OBJ 4 • DISTILLED WATER IS WHAT PH? • If you have 4 beakers of liquid, how would you determine which one was distilled water?

44. OBJ 4 • DISTILLED WATER IS WHAT PH? • If you have 4 beakers of liquid, how would you determine which one was distilled water?

45. OBJ 4 • DISTILLED WATER IS WHAT PH? 7 • If you have 4 beakers of liquid, how would you determine which one was distilled water? • TEST THE ph

46. OBJ 5 The typical automobile’s kinetic energy is converted to heat energy when the brakes are applied. A braking system that converts kinetic energy to electrical energy instead of heat energy has been designed. The electrical energy can be used later to move the car again. How does a system like this benefit the Environment?

47. OBJ 5 The typical automobile’s kinetic energy is converted to heat energy when the brakes are applied. A braking system that converts kinetic energy to electrical energy instead of heat energy has been designed. The electrical energy can be used later to move the car again. How does a system like this benefit the Environment? DECREASED USE OF FOSSIL heat energy = WASTED ENERGY

48. OBJ 5 Diverging lenses are useful to people who suffer from nearsightedness because the lenses can cause images of distant objects to be focused on the retina. Lenses allow images to be focused on the retina because of? F) diffusion G) reflection H) diffraction J) refraction

49. OBJ 5 • What is the approximate difference in gravitational potential energy of the two shaded boxes?

50. OBJ 5 • What is the approximate difference in gravitational potential energy of the two shaded boxes?