RTV101 Academic Honesty

1. RTV101Academic Honesty Joanna Blair, Information Services Librarian Jan. 2013

2. Outline • Different types of plagiarism • Knowing when to cite your source • The difference between quoting and paraphrasing • How to avoid plagiarism in scholarly and professional life

3. What Is Plagiarism? “Plagiarism is defined as using someone else’s work (words, images, ideas, phrases, signatures or computations)and presenting it as one’s own, instead of properly documenting every source.” (Seneca College Academic Honesty Policy)

4. Consequences at Seneca Seneca College. (2012). Academic Honesty. In 2012-2013 Academic Policy. (Section 9). Retrieved Oct. 10, 2012, from http://www.senecacollege.ca/academic-policy/acpol-09.html

5. Screenshot from: Globe and Mail at http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/tdsb-director-resigns-over-plagiarism-phd-dissertation-includes-unattributed-passages/article7167752/

6. Screenshot from: Globe and Mail at http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/globe-takes-action-on- allegations-against-columnist-margaret-wente/article4565683/ www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECzffdZ4VNg

7. Screenshot from: CBC Radio at http://www.cbc.ca/q/blog/2012/09/25/statement-on-margaret-wente-and-qs-media-panel/ www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECzffdZ4VNg

8. Screenshot from: New Yorker at http://nymag.com/daily/intel/2012/09/jonah-lehrer-plagiarism- but-wait- theres-more.html

9. Screenshot from: National Post http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/06/17/university-of-alberta-medical-school-dean-resigns-after-plagiarizing- speech/

10. Detecting plagiarism • Safe Assign (Seneca tool for detecting plagiarism) • Expert knowledge • Google

11. What is Citing (Attribution)? • Citing is giving credit to someone else’s work or ideas • Different citing styles (formats) exist • APA, MLA ask your professor • Canadian Press stylebook, AP stylebook, Globe & Mail style guide Cite to avoid plagiarism!

12. True or False? • If I Rephrase Someone Else’s Work Into My Own Words, I Don’t Have to Cite It. Vote here: http://tinyurl.com/96hp67f

13. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.

14. Quoting • Quoting: Using someone’s exact words, in the exact order they wrote them APA Example “Social cognition includes self-knowledge, your knowledge of other people, others’ knowledge of themselves, and their knowledge of you" (Bosacki, Varnish, & Akseer, 2008, p. 190). In-text citation

15. Paraphrasing • Paraphrasing: rephrasing someone else’s work in your own words. • Can’t just change a few words around • Still cite the original work

16. Poor Paraphasing Example Inadequate Paraphrase “Homeless individuals commonly come from families who are riddled with problems and marital disharmony, and are alienated from their parents. They have often been physically and even sexually abused, have relocated frequently, and many of them may be asked to leave home or are actually thrown out, or alternatively placed in group homes or in foster care” The homeless come from families with problems. Frequently they have been physically or sexually abused, or have lived in a group home. (Rokach) Exerpt from: Rokach, A. (2005). The causes of loneliness in homeless youth. The Journal of Psychology, 139, 469- 480. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.

17. Exercise 1 Paraphrase the paragraph below in one sentence. “Homeless individuals commonly come from families who are riddled with problems and marital disharmony, and are alienated from their parents. They have often been physically and even sexually abused, have relocated frequently, and many of them may be asked to leave home or are actually thrown out, or alternatively placed in group homes or in foster care”

18. Better Paraphasing Example Adequate Paraphrase “Homeless individuals commonly come from families who are riddled with problems and marital disharmony, and are alienated from their parents. They have often been physically and even sexually abused, have relocated frequently, and many of them may be asked to leave home or are actually thrown out, or alternatively placed in group homes or in foster care” Many homeless experience isolation in part due to suffering from abuse or neglect during their childhood (Rokach, 2005) Exerpt from: Rokach, A. (2005). The causes of loneliness in homeless youth. The Journal of Psychology, 139, 469- 480. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.

19. What doesn’t need to be cited? • Your own original work/experiences • Common knowledge • Stephen Harper is the Prime Minister of Canada

20. Is This Common Knowledge? • Stephen Harper was the MP for Calgary West Vote here: http://tinyurl.com/9v2tmow

21. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.

22. Citing Sources • Know what style your teacher wants (MLA, APA, etc.) • Citing has two parts • Short reference in-text at the point you use info • Detailed reference at the end of your paper (Bibliography, Works Cited, References List) • Library resources for citation

23. Is This Plagiarism? • Submitting the Same Paper Twice for Two Different Classes Vote here: http://tinyurl.com/9byt8tu

24. Don’t forget: You can copy-paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the poll.

25. Other kinds of plagiarism • Self-plagiarism • Group work: one member plagiarizes, whole group takes penalty • Submitting someone else’s assignment, even with permission

26. Exercise 2 : Improve Wente’s citation style Gardner:"Many NGOs working in Africa in the area of development and the environment have been advocating against the modernization of traditional farming practices,"Paarlberg says. "They believe that traditional farming in Africa incorporates indigenous knowledge that shouldn't be replaced by science-based knowledge introduced from the outside.They encourage Africa to stay away from fertilizers, and be certified as organic instead. And in the case of genetic engineering, they warn African governments against making these technologies available to farmers." Wente:Yet, many NGOs working in Africa have tenaciously fought the modernization of traditional farming practices. They believe traditional farming in Africa incorporates indigenous knowledge that shouldn't be replaced by science-based knowledge introduced from the outside. As Prof. Paarlberg writes, "They encourage African farmers to stay away from fertilizers and be certified organic instead. And they warn African governments to stay away from genetic engineering. They want to freeze African farms where they are. It's a fantasy of what agriculture ought to be like." Taken from : Wainio, C. (2012, Sept. 18). Re: Margaret Wente: ‘a zero for plagiarism’? [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://mediaculpapost.blogspot.ca/2012/09/margaret-wente-zero-for-plagiarism.html

27. Exercise 2: Improve Wente’s citation style Gardner:"Many NGOs working in Africa in the area of development and the environment have been advocating against the modernization of traditional farming practices," Paarlberg says. "They believe that traditional farming in Africa incorporates indigenous knowledge that shouldn't be replaced by science-based knowledge introduced from the outside. They encourage Africa to stay away from fertilizers, and be certified as organic instead. And in the case of genetic engineering, they warn African governments against making these technologies available to farmers." In a 2008 interview with Dan Gardner, Prof. Paarlberg said that, “[m]any NGOs working in Africa in the area of development and the environment have been advocating against the modernization of traditional farming practices." Paarlberggoes on to say, “they believe that traditional farming in Africa incorporates indigenous knowledge that shouldn't be replaced by science-based knowledge introduced from the outside. They encourage Africa to stay away from fertilizers, and be certified as organic instead. And in the case of genetic engineering, they warn African governments against making these technologies available to farmers."

28. Advice from the Globe Public Editor Sylvia Stead told staff: 1. Read The Globe and Mail’s code of conduct: • Excerpts from other people’s prose must be attributed so as to avoid even a suspicion of copying. Stead, S. (2012, Sept 25). Public editor: What we need to do better. Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/community/inside-the-globe/public-editor-what-we-need-to-do- better/article4566275/

29. Advice from the Globe 2. Reconsider your writing habits: • Don’t ever cut and paste someone else’s words and work over or around them. Only cut and paste something you intend to directly quote and attribute. • Don’t tweak or rewrite someone else’s thoughts without saying she/he said or noted. • Keep your notes straight on dates, attribution, direct quotes, etc. Write down every source you read or used in your notes (electronic or paper) on each story so your editor can discuss it with you. • If you want to explain someone else’s work, credit them first and early in the story. Stead, S. (2012, Sept 25). Public editor: What we need to do better. Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/community/inside-the-globe/public-editor-what-we-need-to-do- better/article4566275/

30. More advice Attribution before assertion - Mervin Block Block, M. (2011). Writing broadcast news shorter, sharper, stronger: A professional handbook. Washington, DC: CQ Press.

31. Need Help? Just hang on… In-person… Reference Desk Online… Email: joanna.blair@senecacollege.ca Image source: Microsoft Office Clipart

32. Log into Blackboard for quiz • Pre-quiz and Post-quiz • Quiz open until Feb. 1 at 5pm • Click on “Save and Submit” when you have answered all questions • Use Firefox and complete the quiz on campus