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Development and design of recycling-reuse of composite components

ISO 9001:2000. 11 OKTOMVRI. EUROKOMPOZIT. PROJECT Eco-Houses Based on Eco-Friendly Polymer Composite Construction Materials - ECO-PCCM. Development and design of recycling-reuse of composite components. AIMS. Investigation of the recycling ability of the PP and PLA matrix

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Development and design of recycling-reuse of composite components

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  1. ISO 9001:2000 11 OKTOMVRI EUROKOMPOZIT PROJECTEco-Houses Based on Eco-Friendly Polymer Composite Construction Materials - ECO-PCCM Development and design of recycling-reuse of composite components ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  2. AIMS • Investigation of the recycling ability of the PP and PLA matrix • Application of the recycled matrix for production of the Rice Straw - composites and Kenaf - composites • Investigation of the recycling ability of the Rice Straw - composites and Kenaf - composites ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  3. SUMMARY • Part 1 Preparation and characterization of PP matrix by recycling one and two times and PLA matrix by recycling once • Part 2 Preparation and characterization of the composites based of PP recycled (one and two times) matrix and composites based on PLA recycled (one time) matrix • Part 3 Preparation and characterization of the Rice Straw based composites by recycling one and two times • Part 4 Preparation and characterization of the Kanaf based composites by recycling one and two times ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  4. PART 1: Preparation and characterization of the recycled matrix MARIA’S HANDS! Preparation • PP matrix - extruded one and two times (PP x1 and PP x2) into strips with a single screw extruder at 200oC - the obtained recycled matrices were cut in pellets form to perform the sheets - thay have been molded by thermo compression at T= 185oC, t=10 min with continuous increasing pressure up to 10 000 pounds. • PLA matrix - extruded one time (PLA x1) into strips with a single screw extruder at 190oC - the obtained recycled matrix was cut in pellets form to perform the sheets - it has been molded by thermo compression at T= 175oC, t=10 min with continuous increasing pressure up to 10 000 pounds. ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  5. PART 1: Preparation and characterization of the recycled matrix Characterization • From the recycled matrices the plates with thickness 3 mm are produced • The flexural tests are performed on unnotched (Young’s Modulus) and on notched samples (Kc and Gc) • TGA analyses ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  6. The flexural tests ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  7. Recycling properties ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  8. TGA analyses: recycled PP PP neat PP x1 PP x2 ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  9. TGA analyses: recycled PLA PLA x1 PLA neat ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  10. CONCLUSION for the first part From the investigation of the recycled ability of the PP matrix and PLA matrix can conclude: recycled matricescan be use for production of the composites ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  11. Part 2: Preparation and characterization of the composites based on PP recycled and composites based on PLA recycled Preparation • PP recycled based composites PP/RS/CA 60/30/10 wt/wt PPx1/RS/CA 60/30/10wt/wt PPx2/RS/CA 60/30/10wt/wt PP/kenaf/CA 60/30/10wt/wt PPx1/kenaf/CA 60/30/10wt/wt -The obtained recycled PP matrices were mixed in a Brabender together with the copuling agent (PP-g-MA)and with Rice Straw and Kenaf fibers (reactive blending) -melt mixing in Brabender at 180oC, time 10 min: PP; dry rice straw; PPx1; } + CA (3 min) + { dry kenaf fibers; (7 min) PPx2; - the obtained composites were cut in pellets form to perform the sheets - thay have been molded by thermo compression at T= 185oC, t=10 min with increasing pressure up to 10 000 pounds. ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  12. Part 2: Preparation and characterization of the composites based on PP recycled and composites based on PLA recycled Preparation • PLA recycled based composites PLA / RH / CA 65/30/5 wt/wt PLA x1 / RH / CA 65/30/5 wt/wt -melt mixing in Brabender at 170oC , time 10 min: PP; dry rice straw; PLAx1; } + CA (3 min) + { dry kenaf fibers; (7 min) - the obtained composites were cut in pellet form to perform the sheets - thay have molded by thermo compression at T= 185oC , t=10 min with continuous adding a pressure up to 10 000 pounds. ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  13. Part 2: Preparation and characterization of the composites based on PP recycled and composites based on PLA recycled • From the obteined composites the plates with thickness 3 mm have done • The flexural tests are performed on unnotched (Young’s Modulus) and on notched samples (Kc and Gc) • TGA analyses • SEM analyses on the cryogenically fractured surface Characterization ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  14. The flexural tests for PP recycled based composites ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  15. The flexural tests for PLA recycled based composites ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  16. Recycling properties ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  17. Recycling properties PLA/RS/CA The color is darker than the composite with neat PLA PLAx1/RS/CA ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  18. TGA analyses: PP recycled based composites PP x1/RS/CA PP /RS/CA PP x2/RS/CA ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  19. TGA analyses: PP andPLA recycled based composites PP /Kenaf/CA PPx1 /Kenaf/CA PLAx1 /RS/CA ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  20. B ) PPX1/RS/CA SEM analyses A B A ) PP/RS/CA C ) PPX2/RS/CA C ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  21. SEM analyses A B A ) PP/Kenaf/CA B ) PPX1/Kenaf/CA ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  22. SEM analyses A A ) PLAX1/RS/CA ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  23. Part 3:Preparation and characterization of the Rice Straw based composites by recycling one and two times Preparation • RS based composites PP/RS/CA (X1) 60/30/10wt/wt PP/RS/CA (X2) 60/30/10wt/wt PLA/RS/CA (X1) 60/30/10wt/wt PLA/RS/CA (X2) 60/30/10wt/wt -melt mixing in Brabender at 180oC for PP and 170oC for PLA , time 10 min: PP + CA (3 min) + dry rice straw; (7 min) PLA + CA (3 min) + dry rice straw; (7 min) - the RS composites have been recycled one and two times - the obtained composites were cut in pellets form to perform the sheets - thay have been molded by thermo compression at T= 185oC (T= 175oC) , t=10 min with increasing pressure up to 10 000 pounds. ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  24. Part 3:Preparation and characterization of the Rice Straw based composites by recycling one and two times Characterization • From the obtained composites the plates with thickness 3 mm have done • The flexural tests performed on unnotched (Young’s Modulus) and on notched samples (Kc and Gc) • TGA analyses • SEM analyses on the cryogenically fractured surface ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  25. The flexural testsfor recycled RS based composites ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  26. Recycling properties ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  27. TGA analyses: Recycled RS composites PP/RS/CA (x1) PP/RS/CA (x2) PP /RS/CA ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  28. TGA analyses: Recycled RS composites PLA/RS/CA (x1) PLA/RS/CA (x2) ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  29. B ) PP/RS/CA (x1) SEM analyses A B A ) PP/RS/CA C ) PP/RS/CA (x2) C ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  30. SEM analyses A B A ) PLA/RS/CA (x1) B ) PLA/RS/CA (x2) ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  31. Part 3:Preparation and characterization of the Kenaf based composites by recycling one and two times Preparation • RS based composites PP/Kenaf/CA (X1) 60/30/10wt/wt PP/Kenaf/CA (X2) 60/30/10wt/wt -melt mixing in Brabender at 180oC, time 10 min: PP + CA (3 min) + dry kenaf; (7 min) - the RS composites have been recycled one and two times - the obtained composites were cut in pellets form to perform the sheets - thay have been molded by thermo compression at T= 185oC, t=10 min with increasing pressure up to 10 000 pounds. ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  32. The flexural testsfor recycled Kenaf based composites Recycling properties ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  33. TGA analyses: Recycled Kenaf composites PP /Kenaf/CA PP/Kenaf/CA (x1) PP/Kenaf/CA (x2) ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  34. TGA analyses The termal stability is the same for the neat PLA and recycled PLA } The termal stability is the same for PLA/RS composites recycled one and two times } } The termal stability for PLA/RS composites is lower than PP/RS composites } ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  35. B ) PP/Kenaf/CA (x1) SEM analyses A B A ) PP/Kenaf/CA C C ) PP/Kenaf/CA (x2) ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  36. CONCLUSION • PP recycled and PLA recycled based composites were produced by reactive blending, • The flexural properties of the PP recycled based composites are very close to flexural properties of the composite with neat PP, • The flexural properties of the PLA recycled based composite are lower (about 50%) compared to composite with neat PLA, • The termal stability of the PP recycled and PLA recycled composites is slightly lower compared to composite with neat matrix, Recycled PP matrix can be use for production of the composites ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  37. CONCLUSION • Recycled RS and Kenaf based composites were produced by reactive blending, • Recycled PP/Kenaf composites show higher flexural properties compared to PP/RS composites, • Recycled PLA/RS composites show lower flexural properties compared to PP/RS and PP/Kenaf composites, • The termal stability of the recycled PP/Kenaf and PP/RS composites is slightly lower compared to base composite without recycling, • The termal stability of the recycled PLA/RS composites is lower compared to base composite without recycling ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

  38. CONCLUSION • SEM analyses show that in all composites the interaction between matrix and RS or Kenaf are very good, resulting in high interfacial adhesion. Recycled PP matrix can be use for production of the composites Recycled PP/RS and PP/Kenaf composites are ability for reuse as composite components ECO-PCCM Fifth Meeting, Barcelona, Spain, September 4-5, 2006

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