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Child Survival Revolution

Child Survival Revolution. Some Illustrations from Indonesia. The Development Context. Continuing interest in problems of poverty and inequitable income distribution Clearly absolute poverty is closely linked to ill-health and premature mortality

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Child Survival Revolution

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  1. Child Survival Revolution Some Illustrations from Indonesia

  2. The Development Context • Continuing interest in problems of poverty and inequitable income distribution • Clearly absolute poverty is closely linked to ill-health and premature mortality • Persistent problem in the Third World is high infant and child mortality • Indonesian IMR in 1960 was 120 and in 2004 stands at 46 per 1,000 live births • How has this been accomplished? • Yet striking contrast with Malaysia’s IMR of 11/1,000 live births

  3. Indonesian Infant Mortality Rates

  4. Population Density in Indonesia

  5. Roots of the Problem • Survival and development of children in Indonesia and elsewhere dominated by two major problem areas • Nutritional deficiency- especially protein energy malnutrition (PEM) • Infectious diseases: acute respiratory (influenza and pneumonia), diarrhea and measles • Major causes of deaths is dehydration due to diarrhea and neo-natal tetanus

  6. Child Survival Revolution • Attempt by United Nations to address the growing concern worldwide for infant and child mortality levels • Aid has focused on a set of four factors defined by GOBI: • 1. Growth monitoring- weighing children regularly to detect weight loss • 2. Oral rehydration- replenishing body fluids • 3. Breast feeding- more nutritious and important where water is non-potable • 4. Immunization- immunizing against preventable diseases through four vaccines (measles, polio, diphtheria, tetanus)

  7. Child Health in Rural Indonesia • Growth monitoring is done in ‘posyandu’ – ‘one-stop’ small health posts in rural areas • Goal: all children have access to health center no more than 5 kilometers away • Goal: Immunization regime to cover major diseases • Health care system deepened through use of midwives

  8. Breast feeding; birthing room rural Java; Sarmani, 65-years-old, has been a Dukun (traditional birth attendant) for 50 years. She is bathing a one-day-old baby girl from the village of Deket Kulon; posyandu.

  9. Family Planning in Indonesia • Natural increase rate currently 1.6 (22/6) • But Indonesian family planning program very successful • 60 percent of 15-49 women use some form of contraception • Health care practices emphasized as part of the family planning program

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