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VIDEO SEGMENT: 20/20 – Sugar Daddies. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uepaE-r1c2Q. The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. . Summary by Domenico Decaro , Madeleine Higgins, Charlene Win, & Seneca Zamora
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VIDEO SEGMENT: 20/20 – Sugar Daddies http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uepaE-r1c2Q Griskevicius, V., et al. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/aoo24761
The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending . Summary by DomenicoDecaro, Madeleine Higgins, Charlene Win, & Seneca Zamora Citation: Griskevicius, V., Tybur, J. M., Ackerman, J. M., Delton, A. W., Robertson, T. E., & White, A. E. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/a0024761 Griskevicius, V., et al. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/aoo24761
Introduction • The researchers investigate the effect of sex-ratio on financial behavior in human populations • In mammallian monogamous populations sex-ratio is found to impact male behavior as male reproductive success is more affected by the sex-ratio • Pressures for males to compete intra-sexually in populations with male majority are shared between animals and humans: males desire to allocate resources for females when competing for mates • The opposite is found in female-biased ratios Griskevicius, V., et al. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/aoo24761
Marriage and Economics • In humans, with male-dominated populations higher marriage rates and high parental investment contrasts with the lower marriage rates and low parental investment found in female-biased populations • The researchers seek to examine how sex ratio affects male-dominated populations with regard to romantic expenditures: with the choice of a romantic Valentine’s Day Gift, and entrée for a dinner date, and an engagement ring Griskevicius, V., et al. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/aoo24761
Method • 147 University students, 81 females, 66 males • 2 X 2 Design • ID – Sex Ratio • DV – Response on Questionnaire • Participant was primed • Male Biased condition • Female Biased condition • Questionnaire • Monetary Rating Scale • Valentine’s Day, Engagement Ring, Dinner Date Griskevicius, V., et al. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/aoo24761
Results • Main effect of gender • When shown a male biased sex ratio • $6.01 more on Valentine’s Day • $1.51 more on a dinner date • $368 more on an engagement ring • Supported the hypothesis Griskevicius, V., et al. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/aoo24761
Conclusion • Men and women expect men to spend more money in a male-biased society • In a male-biased sex ratio society, women tend to be choosier about the type of man that they want • Competition between men in a male-biased ratio society is due to added pressure to “outdo” each other. • From an evolutionary standpoint… • Women tend to select men based on the amount of resources that they have available because a potential partner must provide for future offspring Griskevicius, V., et al. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/aoo24761
Discussion/Critical Review • Interesting Points • Male biased sex ratio influenced women as well • Differences in culture shown by Chinese men • Authors did not address confounds • Discussion Questions • To what extent do you think men are conscious of this?Women? • Does knowing this information change anything? • Why do you think men’s behavior in this area differs crossculturally? Griskevicius, V., et al. (2011, July 18). The Financial Consequences of Too Many Men: Sex Ratio Effects on Saving, Borrowing, and Spending. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/aoo24761