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The Nervous System

The Nervous System. By: Saul, Claire, Sam, Diana. Major Functions. As the body’s control center the nervous system has two basic functions- Collects and interprets information from the inside and outside of the body Responds to collected information. CNS & PNS.

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The Nervous System

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  1. The Nervous System By: Saul, Claire, Sam, Diana

  2. Major Functions • As the body’s control center the nervous system has two basic functions- • Collects and interprets information from the inside and outside of the body • Responds to collected information

  3. CNS & PNS • CNS- Central Nervous System, consisting of the brain & spinal chord • PNS- Peripheral Nervous System, includes everything of the system BUT the brain & spinal chord • Poster

  4. Structure of the Neuron • The neuron has a cell body, the neuron also have structures called dendrites and axons. Dendrites are short extensions of cell that receives information from the other cells. This information is carried away from the cell body by the axons. Often times the axons branch off and the tip of each branch is called the axon terminal. • Poster

  5. Functions-(See Diagram) Brain: • Cerebrum- Voluntary movements, sense touch, light, sound, smell, taste, pain, hot & cold • Cerebellum- Coordinating voluntary movements such as skeletal movements. Spinal Chord- Impulses to and from the brain (CNS)

  6. Functions cont… Nerves- Detect changes in environment (inside & outside of the body), sends information (muscles and glands), integrates Neurons: • Cell Body- Makes neurotransmitters, keeps cell alive • Dendrites- Receives messages from other cells • Axon- Carries messages away to other cells

  7. Passage of Impulse • The impulse is sent from a receptor that detects changes in the environment and is than sent to the CNS where it is added and compared to other incoming signals. If a response is needed a response signal is sent out. Muscles and/or glands react. • Ant example

  8. Working w/ Other Systems You need the nervous system to survive; the system works with all other systems in the body • Muscular System- Reacts to messages from the nervous system (contracts muscles) • Skeletal System- Reacts/Sends messages from/to the nervous system (breaking a bone) • Cardiovascular System- An involuntary change by nervous system (speeds up/ slows heart rate) • Respiratory System- An involuntary change by nervous system (regulates breathing)

  9. Sciatic Nerve • The sciatic nerves are branches of the lumbar nerves and are the largest and longest nerves in the body. They descend into the buttock and into the thighs, where they divide into the "tibial" and "common peroneal" nerves. The many branches of these nerves supply nerve impulses to and from the muscles and skin in the hip joints and thighs, the lower legs, feet and most of the skin below the knee.

  10. Fun Facts There are 100 billion neurons in your brain alone. A newborn baby's brain grows almost 3 times during the courseof its first year. A new born baby loses about half of their nerve cells before they are born. The total surface area of the human brain is about 25,000 square cm. Some long axons are 1m long

  11. Bibliography • Holt California Life Science (7th. Grade, Science) • Claire’s Dad (bio/anatomy teacher) For fun facts- • http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090413152349AAPltcY

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