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Climate and Terrestrial Biodiversity

Climate and Terrestrial Biodiversity. Climate – general pattern of weather conditions over long periods of time Temporal scales (decadal to millennia) “Climate is what we expect, weather is what we get” Climate shaped by patterns of air, moisture, and heat circulation

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Climate and Terrestrial Biodiversity

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  1. Climate and Terrestrial Biodiversity • Climate – general pattern of weather conditions over long periods of time • Temporal scales (decadal to millennia) • “Climate is what we expect, weather is what we get” • Climate shaped by patterns of air, moisture, and heat circulation • Three factors drive climate:

  2. 1. Uneven Heating of Earth’s Surface Heating and cooling

  3. Properties of Air, Water,and Land • Heat and ocean evaporation • Heat transfer • Evaporation drives creates the convection cells • Cycle air, heat, and moisture

  4. 3. Rotation of Earth on Axis Prevailing winds and currents

  5. Greenhouse Gases • Water vapor, CO2, CH4, and N2O • Earth gives off heat (infrared) • Greenhouse gases absorb and return some heat to lower atmosphere • More greenhouse gasses, more heat return

  6. If deserts are supposed to be here and forests there, why are there exceptions?

  7. Cold Polar Tundra Subpolar Temperate Coniferous forest Decreasing temperature Desert Grassland Deciduous forest Tropical Chaparral Hot Desert Savanna Rain forest Wet Dry Tropical seasonal forest Scrubland Decreasing precipitation Fig. 7-10, p. 147

  8. Features of Earth’s Surface Change Climatic Patterns Prevailing winds pick up moisture from an ocean. On the windward side of a mountain range, air rises, cools, and releases moisture. On the leeward side of the mountain range, air descends, warms, and releases little moisture. Fig. 7-7, p. 145

  9. Fig. 7-9, p. 147

  10. Surface Currents Influence Regional Climates

  11. Remainder of the Chapter describes biomes and adaptation of biota. Review and compare within and between biome types Fig. 7-9, p. 147

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