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Meteorological Satellites

Meteorological Satellites. Prof. Arnon Karnieli The Remote Sensing Laboratory Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Sede-Boker Campus 84990, ISRAEL. Classification by orbit type. Meteosat. Spectral characteristics

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Meteorological Satellites

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  1. Meteorological Satellites Prof. Arnon Karnieli The Remote Sensing Laboratory Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Sede-Boker Campus 84990, ISRAEL

  2. Classification by orbit type

  3. Meteosat Spectral characteristics Visible 0.5 – 0.9 m 2.5 km Water vapor 5.7 - 7.1 m 2.5 km Thermal 10.5 – 12.5 m 5 km

  4. Meteosat Scanning scheme

  5. Meteosat Location and ground cover

  6. Meteosat Visible band (0.5 – 0.9 m)

  7. Meteosat Water vapor band (5.7 - 7.1 m)

  8. Meteosat Thermal band (10.5 – 12.5 m)

  9. Meteosat

  10. Meteosat

  11. Meteosat

  12. Goes East

  13. Insat

  14. NOAA-AVHRR characteristics • Ground resolution: 1X1 km • SWATH: 2,400 km • Revisit time: ~1 day at HRPT station. • 5 spectral bands: • Red: 0.58 – 0.68 m • Near-infrared (NIR): 0.725 – 1.1 m • Middle infrared: 3.55 – 3.93 m • Thermal (T4): 10.3 – 11.3 m • Thermal (T5): 11.5 – 12.5 m

  15. AVHRR – spectral bands

  16. NOAA-AVHRR Morning and afternoon orbits

  17. NOAA-AVHRR Scanning scheme

  18. NOAA-AVHRR HRPT cover

  19. NOAA-AVHRR NOAA-AVHRR R,G,B = 2,1,1

  20. NOAA-AVHRR Biophysical Indicators 1. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index: NDVI = (NIR-Red)/(NIR+Red) 2. Land Surface Temperature: Split-Window technique (Price 1984): LST = T4 + A(T4 - T5) + B LST is temperature in degrees Celsius A,B = ƒ(,) LST  1.6

  21. NOAA-AVHRR NDVI = (NIR-Red)/(NIR+Red)

  22. NOAA-AVHRR

  23. Urban Heat Island Chengdu City, China

  24. NOAA-AVHRR Sea surface temperature Gulf Stream

  25. NOAA-AVHRR Biomass burning detection

  26. NOAA-AVHRR Forest Fire (1000K) 3.5

  27. NOAA-AVHRR

  28. NOAA-AVHRR

  29. NOAA-AVHRR

  30. NOAA-AVHRR

  31. NOAA-AVHRR

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