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Ch 18- Volcanic Activity

Bellwork Ch 18-Volcanic Activity Compare/Contrast- Types of Volcanoes Directions- Open your binder to the bellwork section and complete the table. (Textbook p480). Ch 18- Volcanic Activity. Take out your notes. As we go over chapter 18, add missing details to your notes (main idea). Volcano .

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Ch 18- Volcanic Activity

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  1. BellworkCh 18-Volcanic ActivityCompare/Contrast- Types of VolcanoesDirections- Open your binder to the bellwork section and complete the table. (Textbook p480)

  2. Ch 18- Volcanic Activity Take out your notes. As we go over chapter 18, add missing details to your notes (main idea)

  3. Volcano • A naturally occurring opening in the surface of the Earth through which molten, gaseous, and solid material is ejected

  4. MAGMA • Mixture of molten rock • Suspended by mineral grains • Dissolved gas • Forms: • High temperatures • Pressure • Water • Source material

  5. TYPES OF MAGMA

  6. What is viscosity? • Property of fluid that resists flowing • The hotter the magma or lava, the lower the viscosity.

  7. MAGMA COMPOSITION & CHARACTERISTICS

  8. HOW MAGMA AFFECTS THE CRUST

  9. PLUTONS • When magma cools, minerals form. • Over a very long period of time, these minerals will combine to form intrusive igneous rock bodies called plutons. • Largest plutons are called batholiths. Common in the interiors of major mountain chains. – primarily granite • Irregular shaped plutons are called stocks. • Mushroom-shaped pluton is called a laccoliths. • Sills – pluton intrudes parallel to layer rocks. • Dikes cuts across preexisting rocks. Coast Range Batholith in British Columbia

  10. PLUTONS

  11. Parts of a Volcano VENT- the vent is the opening from which lava flows. Dust, ash, and rock particles can also be thrown out of the vent!

  12. Crater-the top of the volcano. It is a funnel shaped pit. It is formed when the material explodes out of the vent!

  13. Volcanic cone- is the pile of lava, dust, ashes, and rock around the vent. It can be found in different shapes!

  14. 3 Types of Volcanoes • Shield • Cinder Cone • Composite They are classified by how they form.

  15. Shield Volcano • Is wide and somewhat flat. • It forms from a quiet eruption. • Lava flows out quietly and for great distances.

  16. Cinder Cone Volcano • Has tall, very steep sides. • Has explosive eruptions. • This eruption produces a lot of cinder and ash.

  17. Composite Volcano • Form from explosive eruptions. • Produce a lot of lava and ash. • Is small, with steep sides.

  18. Tephra • Rock fragments, classified by size, that are thrown into the air during a volcanic eruption and fall to the ground.

  19. Pyroclastic flow • Swift-moving, potentially deadly clouds of gas, ash, and other volcanic material produced by a violent eruption.

  20. Hot Spot • Unusually hot area in Earth’s mantle that is stationary for long periods of time, where high-temperature plumes of mantle material rise toward the surface.

  21. Where do volcanoes occur? • Active volcanoes generally occur close to the major tectonic plate boundaries. Along convergent and divergent plate boundaries. • They also form over hot spots – hot areas in the mantle • Volcanoes can remain inactive, or dormant, for hundreds or thousands of years before erupting again. During this time they can become covered by vegetation making them difficult to identify. Once a volcano has been dormant for more than 10,000 years, it is termed extinct.

  22. Test- Plate Tectonics/VolcanoesNext Class!! Frida* Be sure to study from the study guides, notes, bell work, class work and homework.

  23. Classwork/AssignmentTextbook/Review for exam • Problem-Solving Lab- Textbook page 486 Analysis Qs 1,2/ Think Critically Qs 3,4 • Page 447 Compare/Contrast #6 • Page 454 Concept Mapping # 6 • Page 459 Making Tables # 6 • Page 475 Concept Mapping # 7 You may work with a partner- All work is due in basket at the end of class!!!

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