Outline

1. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Quasar Outflows: The X-ray perspective Doron Chelouche Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton NJ (currently at: Tel-Aviv University, Israel) • Introduction • Model • NGC 3783 • Conclusions Outline

2. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) BAL flows NAL flows Elvis M. Proga et al. 2000 Kaspi et al. 2002 • Phenomenology: • blueshifted absorption lines • common in type-I quasars • velocity range: 102-105 km s-1 • Relevant to: • Accretion-ejection processes • Quasar structure (unification) • Galaxy and cluster formation Introduction Determining the flow properties is essential for investigating these issues

3. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Kaspi et al. 2002 Aim: to determine the flow properties Mean: by comparing model predictions to observations Model Flow properties are poorly constrained

4. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Solution: Combine detailed photoionization and dynamical calculations Model Next step: Comparing to observations

5. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) George et al. 98 Krongold et al. 03 Netzer et al. 03 ????? Rest wavelength (A) • >100 absorption lines • Continuum absorption • Continuum variability Kaspi et al. 2002 Pure photoionization models NGC 3783 What is the physics characterizing the multiphase flow?

6. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) de Kool et al. 2002 Ionization potential Calculating… mixed phases reminiscent of a turbulent medium Kaspi et al. 2002 Arav 1996 The dynamical viewpoint NGC 3783

7. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) Crenshaw et al. 1999 Reeves et al. 2003 • Summary of X-ray results for NGC3783 • The flow is energy driven (radiative acceleration is negligible) • The flow is launched beyond the accretion disk (torus association?) • The mass loss rate is similar to/smaller than the mass accretion rate (much smaller than previous estimates) • The flow density structure is reminiscent of a turbulent ISM (triggered by the central star cluster?) NGC 3783

8. Quasar Outflows Doron Chelouche (IAS and TAU) • Studying quasar outflows is important for understanding accretion phenomena, quasar structure, and galaxy/cluster formation • High resolution and S/N X-ray grating spectra provide a unique view of such flows • Realistic spectral fits accounting for hundreds of line and continuum features are feasible • Combined dynamical, photoionization, and spectral modeling can reveal the physical properties of the ouflowing gas • Similar models can be used to study gas dynamics in other systems (e.g., X-ray binaries) Thank you! conclusions