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Sinkhole. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cp7no2B322E. The Atmosphere. Pg. 65. Atmospheric composition. About 99% nitrogen and oxygen Remaining 1% Ne, He, CH 4 , Kr, H, Xe Water vapor and carbon dioxide vary depending on location and climate Both contribute to cloud formation and weather
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Sinkhole http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cp7no2B322E
The Atmosphere Pg. 65
Atmospheric composition • About 99% nitrogen and oxygen • Remaining 1% Ne, He, CH4, Kr, H, Xe • Water vapor and carbon dioxide vary depending on location and climate • Both contribute to cloud formation and weather • Ozone (O3) also contributes to atmosphere • Absorbs UV radiation from the Sun
Structure of the atmosphere • Each layer differs in composition and temperature • Lower Layers: • Troposphere- contains most of the mass; where weather and pollution take place; temperature decreases as you ascend (top of layer called tropopause) • Stratosphere- concentrated ozone; temp increases (top layer called stratopause) • Upper layers: • Mesosphere-temp decreases • Thermosphere- increase in temp; air very spaced out • Exosphere- composed of H and He; no boundary between it and outer space
The Sun’s Role Light transfers energy by radiation While energy is being absorbed, it is also being sent back Water heats and cools slower than land Darker objects absorb energy faster than lighter ones Surface emits waves longer than the waves coming in and the radiation becomes trapped in the atmosphere
Heating through conduction and convection Conduction affects only a small amount of Earth’s atmosphere because particles must be in contact Pockets of air heat, then become dense and fall back to the surface and reheat Heating and cooling of the air creates convection currents Responsible for weather