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Linux Architecture

Linux Architecture. Overview. Initialization. Uboot – hardware init, loads kernel Kernel – remaining initialization, calls “init” Init – 1 st process, executes startup script /etc/init.d/rcS Run_flphone.sh – startup script Nano-X – the X-Windows server Nanowm – sets bg image.

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Linux Architecture

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  1. Linux Architecture Overview

  2. Initialization • Uboot – hardware init, loads kernel • Kernel – remaining initialization, calls “init” • Init – 1st process, executes startup script • /etc/init.d/rcS • Run_flphone.sh – startup script • Nano-X – the X-Windows server • Nanowm – sets bg image

  3. System Structure • MicroKernel – minimal functionality • Interprocess communication (IPC) • Memory management • Autonomous processes & co-routines • VFS • Network stack • Process manager • Device drivers • Non-kernel • windowing system • compiler • shells • Editors • utilities

  4. System Structure-2 Sockets ProcessControl VFS Vmem mmap Proc, sysfs TCP, IP, etc Process memory NFS File sys MM IPC

  5. System Structure User mode space Kernel mode space System Call Interface Device drivers Kernel + h/w related code

  6. Structural Problems • Erroneous co-routines can block system • Formal interfaces slow down system

  7. Directory structure

  8. /bin Essential user command binaries that need to be available also in single user mode. • /sbin Essential system binaries (e.g. init, insmod, ifup) • /lib Libraries for the binaries in /bin and /sbin • /usr/bin Non-essential user command binaries that are not needed in single user mode • /usr/sbin Non-essential system binaries (e.g. daemons for network-services) • /usr/lib Libraries for the binaries in /usr/bin and /usr/sbin • /etc Host-specific system-wide configuration files • /dev Device files • /home User home directories (optional) • /proc Virtual file system documenting kernel and process status as text files

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