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Weathering

Weathering. Rocks and Weathering. Weathering: is the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth’s surface Heat, cold, water, ice, oxygen, CO 2 Erosion: is the removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity

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Weathering

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  1. Weathering

  2. Rocks and Weathering • Weathering: is the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth’s surface • Heat, cold, water, ice, oxygen, CO2 • Erosion: is the removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity • Uniformitarianism: same processes that happens today happened in the past.

  3. Two Kinds of Weathering • Mechanical: physically breaking down rocks • Examples: splitting or cracking of rocks, hit a rock with a hammer • Causes: freezing and thawing, release of pressure, plant growth, action of animals, and abrasion • Abrasion: grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind or gravity. • Ice wedging: freezing and thawing in rocks. Caused by water’s property of expanding when frozen. • See diagram on Page 40 to 41 G

  4. Mechanical Weathering Abrasion lyricsdog.eu Ice wedging hays.outcrop.org

  5. Two Kinds of Weathering Continue • Chemical Weathering: process that breaks down rock through chemical changes • Cause: water, oxygen, CO2, living organisms, and acid rain • Water: dissolves rock • Oxygen: oxidation: the process of iron and oxygen reacting with each other with water to form rust. • CO2 : Carbonic acid: CO2 dissolved in water = weak acid. Weathers limestone and marble • Living Organism: when plants grown in cracks of rocks, their roots produce a weak acid that dissolves the rock. Lichens, which are a plant like organisms, also produces a weak acid that dissolves rocks. • Acid Rain: air pollution mixes with water vapor to form acid rain, which causes rapid chemical weathering.

  6. Chemical Weathering Water fotopedia.com Living organisms cgz.e2bn.net

  7. Rate of Weathering • Rock type: • Minerals: determine how fast they dissolve in water • Permeable: rocks are full of tiny, connected air spaces (like a sponge) that water seep through them. • Climate: • Average weather conditions in an area • Precipitation and temperature • Rain, freezing and thawing, temperature (higher = faster rate) • Hot and wet climates = faster rate

  8. The Process of Soil Formation • Soil forms as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface. • Soli horizon: layer of soil that differ in color and texture from the layer above and below it • Rate at which it forms depends on climate and rock type

  9. Soil Process of soil formation agcal.usask.ca Soil Horizon increasemyvocabulary.com

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