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APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS ABA

OUR PROGRAM. Assessments: Vineland adaptive Behavior scaleSkills MappingScoring and Reports of the assessmentsMeeting with the respective teacher to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the child and decide the skills to be taughtActual sessions with the child. What is ABA?. ABA is a special teaching method.Used for teaching different skills like imitation, matching, compliance, attributes etc. to children with special needs.Structured way of teaching.Includes one on one interaction b9457

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APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS ABA

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    1. APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS (ABA)

    3. What is ABA? ABA is a special teaching method. Used for teaching different skills like imitation, matching, compliance, attributes etc. to children with special needs. Structured way of teaching. Includes one on one interaction between the teacher (instructor) and the child.

    4. ABA techniques There are three main techniques of ABA Shaping of the behavior Reinforcement/Reward Prompts

    5. Application of ABA techniques Skills development is extremely essential. These techniques are used for training in basic skills, self care skills, social skills as well as life skills. Independent functioning is the main focus of skills development Leads to better standard of living for the child Behavior management is also done using the approach of ABA.

    6. ABC of Behavior Every behavior has: Example of ABC of a behavior

    7. Shaping Process of gradually changing a child’s performance from what it is now, to what is desired. Desired Performance Current Performance

    8. Task Analysis Breaking an activity or task into smaller steps. Each step taught one at a time Go to the next step only when the previous step is mastered. Example: Washing hands Turn the tap on. Put both hands under the running water. Put soap on the hands and rub hands. Keep the soap in the soap dish. Wash hands under water. Turn the tap off. Dry hands using a towel.

    9. Reinforcement/Reward Rewards for performance motivate a person to perform better. Your child’s behavior is also motivated in the same way. Behavior that is followed by a reward is much more likely to happen again. When our behavior leads to something pleasant for us, we are more likely to perform it again.

    10. Types of rewards Escaping/Avoiding: the child does not need to do (escapes)the task or activity which he does not like Social praise: This includes praise, hugs, claps, cheers, saying “good boy”, “well done” etc. Food/Snacks: Includes pieces of biscuits, wafers, gems, chocolates etc. Activities: includes watching TV, going to the park, playing with ball, coloring etc.

    11. Prompts A prompt is assistance given by the instructor to help the child to respond correctly. It speeds up the learning process and also reduces frustration on the part of the child. Prompts to be given when a new skill is being taught to the child or when the child does not respond.

    12. Types of Prompts Full physical prompt Touch prompt Model prompt Gesture prompt Positional prompt Verbal prompt (full and partial)

    13. Example with a video

    14. Summary The three main techniques of ABA are shaping, rewards and prompts. Behavior needs to be shaped gradually in small steps Reinforcements and prompts are very essential in successful skill teaching.

    15. Compliance Program To facilitate child’s successful following of instructions by gradually increasing demands Construct a hierarchy of instructions depending on probability and rate of compliance From highly preferable instructions to non desirable ones Gradually increasing the demands on the child providing reinforcement for every correct step 1 explain what is noncmpliance 1 explain what is noncmpliance

    16. ABC of Behavior Every behavior has: Example of ABC of a behavior

    17. Functions of Behavior Every behavior serves a purpose. One behavior can have more than one purpose One purpose can be served through many behaviors 4 functions of behavior: Sensory Escape Attention Tangible

    18. Mapping behavior Vineland Maladaptive Behavior Index (MBI) ABC Chart STAR Chart Motivation Assessment Scale (MAS)

    19. Summary Every behavior has a function One behavior can have many functions One function can be served by many functions Behavior mapping is important to understand the function of behavior There are questionnaires to identify the purpose of the behavior Teaching appropriate behavior for the same function

    20. Sample behavior management plan Make a list of problem behaviors Prioritize (Mark the severity, say from 0-10) Choose the behaviors to be modified ABC chart (1 week) and/or Motivation Assessment Scale for each behavior Rating the scales to find out the hierarchy of functions Modifying the behavior or modifying the activity

    21. THANK YOU!!!!

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