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Upper respiratory tract neoplasms

Upper respiratory tract neoplasms. Benign . Papilloma Occurs in nose, sinuses, larynx (occasionally also in lower airways Associated with human papilloma virus types 6 and 11 Laryngeal lesions commoner in children – can occlude airway. Vocal cord polyps.

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Upper respiratory tract neoplasms

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  1. Upper respiratory tract neoplasms

  2. Benign • Papilloma • Occurs in nose, sinuses, larynx (occasionally also in lower airways • Associated with human papilloma virus types 6 and 11 • Laryngeal lesions commoner in children – can occlude airway

  3. Vocal cord polyps • Benign non-neoplastic nodules in smokers and those putting strain on vocal cords “singers nodules”

  4. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma • Great geographical variation in incidence • Asia (Far East) • Africa • Sporadically elsewhere

  5. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma • Strong epidemiological and biological association with Epstein-Barr virus (detectable in tumour) • Other factors – diet smoking • Present with neck node enlargement and/or nasal symptoms

  6. Histopathology • Undifferentiated • Differentiated (squamous cell) No prognostic difference Tumour frequently has a dense lymphocytic infiltrate (it is sometimes known as lymphoepithelioma)

  7. Behaviour • Spreads to lymph nodes • Very sensitive to radiotherapy

  8. Laryngeal carcinoma • Smoking related • Usually on the vocal cord • Squamous cell carcinomas • Preinvasive dysplastic stage is recognised

  9. Laryngeal carcinoma • Effects by local tissue destruction (loss of voice) • Neck node metastases

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