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Christian Kummerow Colorado State University Chair, GEWEX Radiation Panel

GEWEX Radiation Panel Report (Reprocessing). Christian Kummerow Colorado State University Chair, GEWEX Radiation Panel. Fourth WCRP Observations and Assimilation Panel (WOAP) Meeting Date: 29-31 March 2009 University of Hamburg. Pentad. Daily. 3 – 6 hrs. TIME. 1979. 1985.

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Christian Kummerow Colorado State University Chair, GEWEX Radiation Panel

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  1. GEWEX Radiation Panel Report (Reprocessing) Christian Kummerow Colorado State University Chair, GEWEX Radiation Panel Fourth WCRP Observations and Assimilation Panel (WOAP) Meeting Date: 29-31 March 2009 University of Hamburg

  2. Pentad Daily 3 – 6 hrs TIME 1979 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Parameter Clouds Water Vapor 50 km Precipitation 250 km 100 km TOA Radiation 100 km SRF Radiation 100 km 50 km Evaporation Atmospheric Circulation 50 km Available Global Datasets 2

  3. ISCCP ProductionCompleted thru June 2008 CA=66.4% TAU=3.9 TC=261.6K PC=573mb

  4. IR VIS CALIBRATION EFFECTS TC TAU TS RS

  5. ISCCP Reprocessing and Transition to Operations √ Code adapted to newer computers √ Code adapted to B1U • Testing finer spatial test & sliding time window • Testing new polar cloud detection • IR retrieval code revised for better treatment of surface, will include aerosol • VIS retrieval code revisions • Tests of new products (scale dependence & sampling effects) • Review & Revision of Calibration • Re-run of QC statistics • Incorporate common ancillary information 5

  6. http://gewex-srb.larc.nasa .gov 6

  7. Global Multi-Year Averages S0 = 1365 Wm-2 for Trenberth et al. and 1367 Wm-2 for all others *GEWEX LW values are Rel.-2.5 and 23-year averages (Jul1983-Jun2006) 7

  8. SRB Validation and Analysis • Validation Analysis • BSRN and other measurements • Time series analysis (GEBA/BSRN data - Hinkelman et al, 2009) • Clear/cloudy analysis with Long/Ackerman derived flux products • Comparisons to other global flux: ISCCP FD, CERES data sets (Raschke et al., 2007, 2008; GEWEX-RFA) • Analysis Contributions: • Uncertainty & inputs assessment (Zhang et al 2006, 2007) • Regional Radiation Budgets (Tibetan, Mediterranean) • Cloud Forcing & Diurnal variability (Smith et al., 2008, 2009 conf) • Global Energy Balance Assessment (Lin et al., 2008) • Poleward Energy Transport (Zhang et al., 2008 8

  9. Validation Using BSRN Data (1992-2007) SW LW (1992 – 2005) 9

  10. BSRN (344 W m-2) Model Avg. (329) Circa 1999 GCM models (global means) BSRN (344) Avg. (337) Circa 2005 GCM models (global means) Over Last 6 Years, Climate Models Approach BSRN Downwelling IR Results Global mean downwelling IR -- GCMs and BSRN estimate M. Wild JGR M. Wild 2001& 2005 E.G. Dutton 2009 GRP Meeting Rostock, Germany 13-16 Oct 2009

  11. SRB Reprocessing Plans • Evaluate and implement homogenization of SRB inputs/ancillary data sets. • Standardize surface topography => w/ISCCP • Surface and atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles (alternative to GEOS-4, MERRA (GEOS-5)) => new HIRS, corrected TOVS, or reanalysis?? • Ozone and other trace gas concentrations => use ISCCP • Total solar irradiance and variability => new Kopp time series • Surface spectral emissivity annual variability => review w/ ISCCP • Surface spectral albedo treatments => update spectral models w/ U.Md; temporal change • Aerosol properties in climatological and historical sense => assess various data sets, i.e., GOCART, AEROCOM median, MATCH, etc. • Implement/assess codes to process new ISCCP “NX” products for production of 1ox1o and/or 1/2o x 1/2o • Assist in DCC technique for calibration • New error handling 11

  12. GRP Water Vapor Outlook (currently not a GEWEX product) • Short term: Evaluate new HIRS product for use in combined data set • Longer term: Consider restarting a water vapor assessment. This should consider TPW, UTH and water vapor profiles separately over ocean and land. • GSICS is tackling the calibration and intercalibration of current satellite data streams • Data stewardship at NOAA has gained traction for calibration and intercalibration of historical data. • HIRS data is being reprocessed with uniform calibration • NVAP activity is again active under NASA MEASURES program. • Reanalyses getting better although artificial trends are problematic 12

  13. Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Year 2008 Added to GPCP Record—now 30 years 13 Adler, Huffman, Gu

  14. GPCP developing model for uncertainty σ/mean 2 6 2.64 mm/day ± 9.5% 2.12 mm/day ± 7.5% 2.87 mm/day ± 10% 8

  15. GPCP Reprocessing Plan Tentative suite of Version 3 products (overlapping time resolutions) 3-hr[00Z, 03Z,….snapshot plus 3-hr total estimated for 00-03Z, 03-06Z, etc.] (0.25 °) 50N-50S (possibly 60° in some areas; incomplete grids); 1998-present (will test TMPA, CMORPH) Daily [00Z-00Z] (0.5°) global (1998-present; will use 3-hr product at low latitudes, current daily (1dd) product to complete globe; B1period [IR], (~1983-1997) PERSIANN for calibrated IR (50N-50S) Pentad (sum of daily), with current pentad technique to complete globe. Sub-monthly products forced to monthly--this is meant to constrain total of 3-hr or daily estimates which may vary during period Monthly (target: 0.5°) global; 1979-present (pre-1987 period will use B1 supplemented by OPI. (2 possible approaches for SSM/I period: 1 SSM/I and calibrated IR, or multiple SSM/I’s with correction for diurnal--remember 0.5° spatial resolution) Schedule Delivery of first month test inputs to merge center by Nov. 30, completion of suite of products for one year by end of April 2010; evaluation complete end of August; reprocessing to begin Oct. 2010 for completion in Fall 2011. 15

  16. TOMS/Nimbus-7 TOMS/Earth Probe SeaWiFS AURA/OMI PARASOL MODIS/Terra MODIS/Aqua VIIRS NPP/NPOESS 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 AVHRR/NOAA-series (7 and on) GEWEX Aerosol Climatology Project (GACP) TOMS/Nimbus-7: 11/1/1978 - 5/6/1993, Earth Probe 7/96 – 5/01 AVHRR: NOAA-series August 1981 – present SeaWiFS: September 1997 – present MODIS Terra: February 2000 – present MODIS Aqua: July 2002 – present NPP VIIRS: 2010 – Courtesy, C. Hsu

  17. SeaFlux Assessment • All intercomparisons have been completed • Results are being shared with authors of other datasets • Final draft with approval from other authors in December • Aimed at BAMS/also in conjunction with JOFURO article

  18. 1999 LH flux average

  19. Latent Heat Flux Assessment

  20. Trends in LH Flux (NN Winds)

  21. Example of monthly LE fluxes • Monthly averaged • latent fluxes (LE) 1.Introduction 2.Products • 3.Examples • 4.Annual means • 5. Zonal means • 6. Basins • 7. Summary August 1993 [W/m2] <carlos.jimenez@obspm.fr> 22

  22. Reprocessing Plans for GPR products • Coordinated re-processing of all products using latest updates updates to code • Production of a merged data set for Water and Energy Variables. Uses common Ancillary Datasets (i.e. assumptions). All products going to 0.5° or 1°, 3-6 hr. 23

  23. COMMON DATASETS • Topography and Land/Water Mask • Ozone • Snow/Ice • Surface Albedo • Surface Emissivity • Atmospheric Temperature and Humidity • TS & SST • Aerosol Climatology or GACP 24

  24. SEA ICE • Datasets Considered: NSIDC Bootstrap, GSFC Bootstrap, NASA Team • Selected GSFC Bootstrap based on probability of existing in future 25

  25. ATMOSPHERIC TEMP. & HUMIDITY PROFILES • Datasets Considered: TOVS operational (global 250-km since 1978), NRA1, ERA15, (NRA2, ERA40, ERA-Interim), MERRA, new-HIRS (preliminary) • Issues: near-surface diurnal accuracy, length and homogeneity of record, continuation Sep01 Oct01 TS – ME – TV 2.63 (4.35) 0.31 (6.29) K TS – ME – HIRS -2.53 (7.31) -5.22 (8.46) K TA – ME – TV -0.81 (4.65) -0.88 (4.44) K TA – ME – HIRS 5.06 (8.27) 5.25 (8.28) K PW – ME – TV 0.14 (0.69) 0.10 (0.73) cm PW – ME – HIRS -1.48 (1.18) -1.44 (1.18) cm 3

  26. Selection of Ancillary Datasets D-Topography – GTOPO30 plus AVHRR project mask D-Ozone – TOMS/OMI-based merger with polar TOVS (check earlier time period) D-Snow – NOAA product (check MODIS) D-Sea Ice – GSFC bootstrap with fill (check planned lifetime) I-Aerosols – GACP over oceans with median emissions model over land – matched at boundaries I-Atmospheric Temperature/Humidity – prefer new HIRS if current limitations can be resolved (surface topography, skin-air difference, recent calibration) 28

  27. RE-PROCESSING SCHEDULE Sequencing: • Aerosol and Atmosphere  ISCCP  SRB • SeaFlux and LandFlux -- Atmosphere  GPCP Start in 2010 and Finish in 2011 Process in Reverse Chronological Order Beginning with 2009 29

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