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The Lymphatic & Immune Systems [Latin: lymph = water ; immune = safe]

The Lymphatic & Immune Systems [Latin: lymph = water ; immune = safe]. Medical Terminology. Lymph Intercellular/ interstitial Lymph vessels Have valves (like veins) Thoracic duct lacteals Lymph nodes Cervical nodes Axillary nodes Inguinal nodes Afferent & efferent Store lymphocytes

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The Lymphatic & Immune Systems [Latin: lymph = water ; immune = safe]

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  1. The Lymphatic & Immune Systems[Latin:lymph = water ; immune = safe] Medical Terminology

  2. Lymph Intercellular/ interstitial Lymph vessels Have valves (like veins) Thoracic duct lacteals Lymph nodes Cervical nodes Axillary nodes Inguinal nodes Afferent & efferent Store lymphocytes Filters (biological) Tonsils Adenoids (nasopharyngeal) Palatine Lingual Appendix Peyer’s Patches These in ileum Spleen Thymus Note 75% / 25% drainage pattern Structures of the Lymphatic System

  3. Functions of the Lymphatic System • Returns interstitial (intercellular) fluid to heart • Absorbs fat from the G-I tract & transports them into the circulation via lacteals • The immune system is part of the lymphatic system; deals with body’s defense

  4. Cells of the Lymphatic System • Lymphocytes (will discuss later) • B lymphocytes • T lymphocytes • Macrophages (big eaters)

  5. Spleen Storage site for : Lymphocytes Macrophages RBC’s Platelets Filters blood & lymph

  6. Lymphadenitis Lymphadenopathy Lymphangioma Lymphedema Lymphangiogram Lymphoma Splenomegaly (note one “e”) Splenorrhagia Related Pathology of the Lymphatic System

  7. Divided into Non-specific & Specific mechanisms Non-specific first lines of defense Skin Respiratory mucosa & cilia G-I mucosa Non-specific generalized defense Inflammatory response Specific immune mechanism of defense The Immune Response The Immune System

  8. Immune cells • B lymphocytes (humoral [fluid] immunity) • Plasma cells (make antibodies) • Memory cells • T lymphocytes (cellular immunity) • Killer T cells (cytotoxic) • Helper T cells (“the sentinels”)

  9. Types of immunity • Natural Immunity • Active • Passive • Artificial Immunity • Active • Passive Antigen - Antibody Reactions • Antigens = “the invader” • Antibody = “ the defense” • The antibody combines with the antigen & inactivates (destroys) it • Humans only make the antibody when exposed to the antigen • Active immunity ---- you make the antibody • Passive immunity --- you are artificially given the antibody

  10. Underactive immune system Immunodeficiency AIDS ELISA test Western Blot Planned immunosuppression Overactive immune system Mild = allergy Regular Delayed response Severe = anaphylaxis Out of control immune system = autoimmune disease Pathology of the Immune System

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