What GHS?

2. What GHS? Logical and comprehensive approach to: • Defining health, physical and environmental hazards of chemicals • Creating classification processes that use available data on chemicals for comparison with the defined hazard criteria • Communicating hazard information, as well as protective measures, on Labels and Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

3. The GHS itself is not a standard or a regulation. The GHS document (referred to as “the purple book”) establishes agreed hazard classification and communication provisions with explanatory information on how to apply the system What is GHS? The GHS itself is not a standard or a regulation The GHS document “the purple book” establishes agreed hazard classification and communication provisions with explanatory information on how to apply the system

4. Why is GHS Necessary? • The primary purpose of GHS is to reduce illness and injury caused by chemicals • OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard was published in 1983 • Resulted in a <42% in acute illness and injuries from chemicals

5. Why is GHS Necessary? • In the US alone there are many different classification systems used by various authorities. This means that the same product can be non-hazardous or hazardous with different labels and SDS

6. GHS BenefitsOverall • Enhance the protection of human health and the environment • Provide a recognized framework to develop regulations • Facilitate international trade in chemicals whose hazards have been identified on an international basis • Reduce the need for testing and evaluation against multiple classification systems

7. GHS Timeline in US • December 1, 2013 train employees on the new label system • June 1, 2015 comply with all modified provisions of the final rule, except: Distributers may ship products labeled under the old system until Dec 1, 2015 • During transition may comply with 29CFR1910.1200 or current standard

8. GHS Major Elements • Classification - Physical - Health - Environmental • Communication - Labels - Safety Data Sheets

9. GHS Classification • Definitions changed to provide specific criteria for classification: • health and physical hazards • Classifications of mixtures • Specific Criteria will help ensure: • Evaluations of hazardous effects are consistent across manufacturers • Labels and SDS’s are more accurate

10. GHS Classification • Chemicals are first classified by one or more of three Hazard Classes: • Physical, Health or Environmental • Each Hazard Class is divided onto hazard categories • Hazard categories may be further divided into • divisions, types, groups etc..

11. Physical Hazards • Explosives • Flammable gasses • Flammable aerosols • Oxidizing gasses • Gasses under pressure • Flammable liquids • Flammable solids • Self-reactive substances

12. Physical Hazards • Pyrophoric liquids • Pyrophoric solids • Self heating substances • Substances which in contact with water emit flammable gasses • Oxidizing liquids • Oxidizing solids • Organic peroxides • Corrosive to metal

13. Health Hazards • Acute toxicity • Skin corrosion/irritation • Serious eye damage/eye irritation • Respiratory or skin sensitive • Germ cell mutantgency • Carcinogenicity • Reproductive toxicity

14. Health Hazards • Target organ/systemic toxicity-single dose • Target organ/systemic toxicity-repeated exposure • Aspiration toxicity

15. Environmental Hazards • Hazardous to aquatic environment • Acute aquatic toxicity • Chronic aquatic toxicity • Bioaccumulation • Rapid degradability

16. Hazard Communication • Once the chemical has been classified, the hazard(s) MUST be communicated to target audiences • The international mandate for the GHS included to development of a harmonized communication system including: • Labels • Safety Data Sheets (SDS) • Easily understandable symbols

17. Pictograms • Pictogram is a communication: • Intended to convey specific information • 9 pictograms to convey: • Health hazards • Physical hazards • Environmental hazards

18. Pictograms Health Hazard • Carcinogen • Mutagen • Respiratory sensitizer • Reproductive toxicity • Target organ toxicity • Aspiration toxicity

19. Pictograms Flame • Flammables • Pryophorics • Self-Heating • Emits flammable gas • Self-reactive • Organic peroxides

20. Pictograms Exclamation mark • Irritant (skin and eye) • Skin sensitizer • Acute toxicity (harmful) • Narcotic effects • Respiratory tract irritant • Hazardous to ozone layer

21. Pictograms Gas cylinder • Gas under pressure Flame over circle • Oxidizers

22. Pictograms Corrosion • Skin corrosion/burns • Eye damage • Corrosive to metals Exploding bomb • Explosives • Self-reactives • Organic peroxides

23. Pictograms Skull and crossbones • Acute toxicity (fatal or toxic) Environment (non-mandatory) • Aquatic toxicity

24. Labels Existing systems have labels that look different for the same product. Which leads to confusion, consumer uncertainty and the need for additional resources to maintain different systems

25. Label Elements • Signal word: is a word that typically appears near the top of a label. Final rule requires the use of 1 of 2 signal words • DANGER • WARNING • Hazard Statements describe the hazards associated with a chemical. • Intended to form a set of standardized phrases about the hazards of chemical substances

26. Hazard Statements, Physical Hazards

27. Hazard Statements, Health Hazards

28. Label Elements Precautionary statements Indicate how the product should be handled, used and stored to minimize risks to the user and the environment

29. Label Elements Precautionary statements • General statements - If medical advice is needed, have product container or label at hand - Keep out of reach of children - Read Label before use

30. Label Elements Precautionary statements • Prevention statements - Obtain special instructions before use - Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read - Keep away from heat/sparks or open flames - Ground/bond container and receiving equipment - Wear protective gloves/clothing/eye protection - Use required PPE

31. Label Elements Precautionary statements • Response statements - IF SWALLOWED - IF ON SKIN - IF ON SKIN OR HAIR - IF INHALED - IF IN EYES - IF ON CLOTHING

32. Label Elements Precautionary statements • Storage statements • Store in closed container • Store locked up • Store in corrosive resistant container • Maintain air gap between stacks and pallets • Store away from other materials • Store is dry place

33. Label Elements Precautionary statements • storage statements • Store in closed container • Store in well ventilated place • Keep container tightly closed • Disposal statements • Dispose of contents/container….

34. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) The GHS established a standardized 16 section format for SDS to provide a consistent sequence for presentation to SDS users. Items of primary concern to exposed employees and emergency responders are presented at the beginning of the document, while more technical information is presented later

35. SDS Format • Section 1: identification • Product identifier used on label • Other means of identification • Recommended use • Restrictions on use • Name, address and phone number of the chemical manufacturer, importer or responsible party

36. SDS format • Section 2: Hazard(s) identification - Classification of the chemical in accordance with 1910.1200 - Signal word - Hazard statements - Symbols

37. SDS Format • Section 3: composition/information on chemicals - Chemical name and concentration if it’s a mixture - CAS number - Common name - Other unique identifiers

38. SDS Format • Section 4: First aid measures - Description of measures for all routes of exposure - Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed - Identification of immediate medical attention or special treatment needed, if necessary

39. SDS Format • Section 5: Fire-fighting measures - Suitable extinguishing media - Specific hazards arising from chemical fire - Special protective equipment or precautions for fire-fighters

40. SDS Format • Section 6: Accidental release measures - Personal precautions, PPE and protective equipment - Methods for containment and clean up

41. SDS Format • Section 7: Handling and storage - Precautions for safe handling - conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

42. SDS Format • Section 8: Exposure controls - OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV and any other exposure limit used or recommended by the chemical manufacturer

43. SDS Format • Section 9: Physical and Chemical properties - Appearance - Odor - pH - Flash point - Vapor density - Vapor pressure - IDLH - Upper/lower explosive limit

44. SDS Format • Section 10: Stability and reactivity - Reactivity - Chemical stability - Possibility of hazardous reactions - Conditions to avoid - Incompatible materials - Hazardous decomposition products

45. SDS Format • Section 11: Toxicological information - Information on likely routes of exposure - Symptoms related to exposure - Delayed effects from long term exposure - Numerical measures of toxicity - If product listed as carcinogen in NTP

46. SDS Format Sections 12-15 are not mandatory • Section 12: Ecological information • Section 13: Disposal considerations • Section 14: Transport information • Section 15: Regulatory information • Section 16: Other information • Including date of SDS or last revision