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Cost Allocation:. Intra-Consortial Models Diane Costello. Cost-Sharing - Publisher Model. Fixed price per institution Subscription history (current spend) Percentage discount by volume # Institutions # Databases Total consortium spend EFTSU / FTE - all or discipline-specific
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Cost Allocation: Intra-Consortial Models Diane Costello
Cost-Sharing - Publisher Model • Fixed price per institution • Subscription history (current spend) • Percentage discount by volume • # Institutions • # Databases • Total consortium spend • EFTSU / FTE - all or discipline-specific • Base price + additional institution price • some or all of the above - Passed on directly to institutions CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Cost-Sharing - Internal • Possible parameters: • Equal share • FTE-based - tiers or per-FTE • Usage-based • Resources/Library/Institution budget, or • … a combination of the above eg 50% equal share (entry level) + 50% FTE-based • … or what it is worth to the institution eg NAAL (Alabama) CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Cost-Sharing - Local Variations • Gaining consensus • Current Contents - 50% fixed + 4 tiers based on FTE (+ choice of interface) • MathSciNet - Costs of current subscribers reducing with added subscribers • ProQuest5000 - Minimum entry cost per institution + Minimum total cost CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
International Variations • NESLI - standard tiers based on institution size • CNSLP - research-based formula, institutions aggregated within provinces • research students • research income • faculty members • Carnegie Classification CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Issues for Publishers • Continuous product enhancement • Maintenance of dual/multiple formats • Variations in the global market • Packaging reduces overheads : : • Return to shareholders CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Issues for Institutions • Variation in size / wealth / research emphasis / discipline base • Cost-allocation parameters • Competition • “Subsidy” of less well-resourced institutions • Relative gain versus the NAAL ideal • Selection is expensive CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Issues for Consortia • Balancing interests of the large & small members • must be some advantage over going solo • content and/or price • A member drops out • “Competing” consortia CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Contentious Issues • The “Big Deal” • Access to “purchased” data • Archiving • Product differentiation & consumer choice • Impact of publisher “mergers” • Bundling print with online • Site definition (16 Oz single-campus univ) CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Pause .... • National Site Licence - an ideal which requires either • top-sliced or additional funding or • prior internal agreement about content and cost allocation CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Progress • Discounts on list prices • Access to more content • E-only plus DDP option • Simpler licenses providing better access CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
CAUL Agreements 1996- • 46 agreements, 29 full-text, 4 factual databases, the rest bibliographic • Half commenced in 2000 or later • burgeoning of available electronic products • increasing willingness of publishers to deal with consortia • Billing handled centrally (15) • local office or agent • Average number of participants 20 • Highest number 40 (ProQuest5000) CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Where to from here? • Virtual distribution -> flexible distribution • Adding smaller institutions increases market reach, market share, total revenue • Entry-level pricing • Better-targeted packages (content) • One size does not fit all markets • Cost-shifting - from document delivery, from storage & maintenance • Monograph/reference price models CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002
Discuss! CAUL Industry Think Tank 2002