1 / 21

What’s The Matter?

What’s The Matter?. The Basics. Matter is something that has mass and exists in a solid, liquid, gas or plasma state Matter is measured by mass in grams. More Basics. The smallest unit of matter is an atom Example: one oxygen atom One or more atoms of the SAME type is called an element

arnon
Download Presentation

What’s The Matter?

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. What’s The Matter?

  2. The Basics • Matter is something that has mass and exists in a solid, liquid, gas or plasma state • Matter is measured by mass in grams

  3. More Basics • The smallest unit of matter is an atom • Example: one oxygen atom • One or more atoms of the SAME type is called an element • Example: The oxygen we breathe is O2, which is two atoms of oxygen together

  4. More Basics • When multiple atoms are combined chemical a molecule is created • Example: A water molecule is made of two hydrogen and one oxygen atoms

  5. More Basics • When many molecules of the SAME kind are put together a compound is created • Example: a glass if purified water or table salt

  6. Compare and Contrast • Element and Compound • Both are made up of atoms • Both contain only one type of something • Elements only have one type of ATOM; Compounds have one type of MOLECULE • Elements contain molecules, the element oxygen contains O2 molecules

  7. Energy and States of Matter • A solid is the state of matter with the lowest energy • Molecules are in a fixed position with respect to one another; they do not move

  8. Energy and States of Matter • When energy (heat) is added to a solid, what happens? • The solid melts to a liquid • Liquid- molecules move within a fixed volume and variable shape • Think about what happens when an ice cube melts

  9. Energy and States of Matter • What happens when you add energy (heat) to a liquid? • The liquid evaporates into a gas • Gas- molecules move around rapidly and do not stay close together. The rapid moving is due to their high energy level • The temperature at which a liquid starts becoming a gas is called the boiling point

  10. Energy and State of Matter • Energy can be removed by reducing heat. When energy is removed: • Gas condenses to liquid • Liquid freezes to a solid • All substances have a boiling point, freezing point, condensing point, and melting point

  11. Skipping Liquids • Sublimation: Solid goes to gas • Example: Dry Ice • Deposition/Resublimation: Solid to gas

  12. Put it all together • Fill in the boxes and arrows liquid

  13. Physical vs. Chemical Properties • Physical property: characteristic of a substance that can change without changing the actual substance • List as many examples of a physical properties of substances • Density, color, odor, volume, state change

  14. Physical vs. Chemical Properties • Chemical property: the properties of a material that can only be observed during a chemical reaction • List examples of chemical properties of substances • Reactivity, ability to form new substances

  15. Physical vs. Chemical Changes • Physical changes • Don’t change the chemical properties of composition of a substance • Example: State changes - the molecules are the same, just a different distance apart

  16. Physical vs. Chemical Changes • Chemical changes • Change the chemical properties • Actual molecules in the new substance are different from what you started with • Example: Baking a cake- the properties of the ingredients in the cake a different once they are assembled

  17. Physical Properties:Intensive vs. Extensive • Intensive: Doesn’t vary with quantity • Color, odor, density • Example: Salt- white and tastes the same regardless of quantity • Extensive: Varies with quantity • Mass, volume, stiffness • Example: Salt- the mass of salt changes based on the quantity

  18. Mix it Up • Mixture – has variable composition, different types of parts • Example: air, water from the tap, hot chocolate, paint, 14k gold, stainless steel (metal mixtures are called alloys) • Heterogenous “hetero” means different • Homogenous “homo” means same • Solution = homogenous mixture

  19. Mix it Up • The solvent is the substance that the solute dissolves in • If I stir sugar into coffee, which is which? • Coffee- solvent, sugar- solute • If all the sugar dissolves in the coffee, what is the coffee called? • A homogenous mixture or solution • If all the sugar doesn’t dissolve what is it called? • A heterogeneous mixture

  20. Classifying Matter • Pure substance: any pure element or compound, in any phase of matter • Which of the following is a pure substance? • Table Salt • Maple syrup • Carbon dioxide • Salad dressing

  21. Separating Mixtures • How do you separate a liquid from a solid? • Filtration: separation for a solid a liquid through a filter that the solid cannot pass through • How do we separate two mixed liquids? • Distillation: a separation process that depends on the different boiling points of the two substances

More Related