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MENDEL’S LEGACY

MENDEL’S LEGACY. CH. 9. Gregor Mendel (1823-1884). The Father of Modern Genetics!. Mendel taught natural science to High School Students. Once: he crossed peas and mice of different varieties “for the fun of the thing”. He determined several “laws” of inheritance....

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MENDEL’S LEGACY

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  1. MENDEL’S LEGACY CH. 9

  2. Gregor Mendel (1823-1884) The Father of Modern Genetics!

  3. Mendel taught natural science to High School Students. • Once: he crossed peas and mice of different varieties “for the fun of the thing”

  4. He determined several “laws” of inheritance.... • Mendel’s work became the foundation for Modern Genetics.

  5. Mendel’s peas • MENDEL chose a common garden pea (Pisum) for his first experiments in hybridization

  6. Mendel’s Procedure • Step ONE: find plants that are “pure” for one trait (like height). • Call them: P1

  7. Step TWO: take opposites for the trait (like tall X short) & cross pollinate/fertilize

  8. Step 3: grow offspring and record results. (F1 = filial = offspring)

  9. Step 4: Allow self-pollination & grow the grandchildren of P1. Call this group F2. Record results.

  10. P1 = HH (tall) X hh (short) • Results: All F1 grew tall! • F1 X F1 = F2 • Results, 3/4th peas were tall, 1/4th peas were short!

  11. Mendel discovered... • ...some traits are “masked”...they are RECESSIVE and may skip generations. • ...some traits are DOMINANT...they occur often in the population.

  12. ...traits are determined by a pair of factors. • Alleles

  13. Mendel determined... • The pair of “factors” are sorted independently of each other. • These factors are separated when the gametes are formed.

  14. HOW TO PLAY GENETICS “GAMES” • Traits are expressed as letters of the alphabet. • HH or hh • Capital letters denote dominant traits

  15. HH or hh are pure strains. They are called HOMOZYGOUS • Hh are mixed strains....carriers of the recessive gene, but do not look recessive. They are called HETEROZYGOUS

  16. EXAMPLES • H = TALL • h = short • HH = homozygous tall • hh = homozygous short • Hh = heterozygous tall

  17. More vocabulary.... • genotype = the letters we use to express traits = genetic makeup • phenotype = what something looks like.

  18. Phenotypes fat pod, smooth peas

  19. or... • skinny pods, wrinkled peas

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