Geographical Information System GIS By: Yahia Dahash

1. Geographical Information SystemGISBy: Yahia Dahash

2. Definition • GIS is a computer system which has the ability to use data functions that describe a location on the Earth’s surface • GIS is a system using and handlingthe geodatabase to get the same information but more beneficial and flexible • GIS work is summarized by capture, display, query, analyze, store and output of geodatabase and descriptive data Yahia Dahash

3. What are the questions that GIS can answer • What is there at a specific location? (location name – coordinate) • What are the conditions in this location? (what is the distance – where it exists) • What has changed over time? (spatial – time) • What are the existing spatial patterns?What is the cause for extension of limited phenomenon? (drought – salty) • What are the decisions for problem solution in the location and what the effects on the neighborhood and environment Yahia Dahash

4. GIS composition Yahia Dahash

5. Components of geographic data • Geometry: A location of geographic features on the earth’s surface • Attributes: Descriptive information about features • Behavior: Special behavior for each features • Capturing data • Hardcopy maps • Digital data • Coordinates • GPS • Dealing with geodatabase • Points: For example, water well – city - exchange electricity center • Lines: For example, roads – rivers - water canales • Polygon: For example, region – area - lakes - boundary Yahia Dahash

6. GIS functions • Display • Maps • Graphs • Reports • Output • Paper map • Internet • Image • Document • Store • Vector formats: Discrete representations of reality • Raster formats: Use square cells to model reality • Query • Identify specific features • Identify features based on conditions • Analyze • Proximity • Overlay • Network Yahia Dahash

7. What is Arc GIS Desktop? ArcGIS Desktop includes a suite of integrated applications: ArcMap Arc Catalog Arc Toolbox Using these three applications together, you can perform any GIS task, simple to advanced, including mapping, data management, geographic analysis, data editing, and geoprocessing

8. Arc Catalog • The Arc Catalog application helps you organize and manage all of your GIS data. • It includes tools for browsing and finding geographic information, recording, viewing, and managing metadata, quickly viewing any dataset, and defining the schema structure for your geographic data layers. Yahia Dahash

9. Arc Map • Arc Map is the central application in Arc GIS Desktop. • It is the GIS application used for all map-based tasks including cartography, map analysis, and editing. • In this application, you are work with maps. • Maps have a page layout containing a geographic window, called a data frame, with a series of layers, legends, scale bars, North arrows, and other elements. • Arc Map offers different ways to view a map. a geographic data view and a layout view. in which you can perform a broad range of advanced GIS tasks. Yahia Dahash

10. Arc Toolbox • Arc Toolbox is a simple application containing many GIS tools used for geoprocessing. • There are two versions of Arc Toolbox: • The complete Arc Toolbox that comes with Arc Info. • A version that comes with Arc View and Arc Editor. • Note: Arc Map, Arc Catalog, and Arc Toolbox are designed to work together to perform all GIS tasks. • For example, you can search for and find a map document in Arc Catalog, then double-click it to open it inside Arc Map. You can then edit and enhance your data through the tools available in the Arc Map editing environment. • Once you have created new geographic information using these three applications, you can record metadata for the resulting datasets using Arc Catalog. Yahia Dahash

11. Yahia Dahash

12. What can I do to produce a digital map? Yahia Dahash

13. What is the information I want to present in a digital map? Yahia Dahash

14. How can we show 2004-data of olive production in a digital map? Yahia Dahash

15. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Yahia Dahash