Institutional Experiences in RBOs Across Asia

1. National Workshop on Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) Institutional Experiences in RBOs Across Asia Ir. (Dr.) Keizrul bin Abdullah Chairperson, Network of Asian River Basin Organizations (NARBO) 2 February 2015

2. Network of Asian River Basin Organisations

3. Signing of Letter of Intent by JWA, ADB and ADBI during 3rd WWF, March 2003

4. Establishment of NARBO on Feb 2004 at Batu, East Java, Indonesia

5. NARBO Membership 84 Members from 18 Countries

7. NARBO’s Charter Goal : • To help achieve IWRM in river basins throughout Asia

8. NARBO’s Charter Objectives : • To enhance the capacity in IWRM • To ensure equitable and sustainable use of WR among various stakeholders • Capacity building of RBOs, Policy Makers, Line Departments in IWRM • Exchange info, knowledge, lessons learned in managing WR and in conflict resolution

9. NARBO’s Charter Goal : • To help achieve IWRM in river basins throughout Asia

10. Definition Integrated Water Resources Management Defined as : “a process that promotes the co-ordinated development and management of resources in natural environment (water, land, flora, fauna) in order to maximise the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital eco-systems” Ref: GWP

11. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

12. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

13. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

14. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

15. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

16. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

17. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

18. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

19. IWRM Model EconomicEfficiency EnvironmentalSustainability Principles Equity InstitutionalFrameworks Management Instruments Structure • EnablingEnvironment River Basin Organization : RBO Managing Water for Sustainablity Ref: GWP

20. Water Related Challenges in Asia

21. Water Related Challenges in Asia Most critical factors for IWRM to succeed at river basin level : (Questionnaire to NARBO members in 2014)

22. Water Related Challenges in Asia Most critical factors for IWRM to succeed at river basin level : Strong Political Will and Commitment; with Basin Management Plan and Clear Vision Participation from Stakeholders (Questionnaire to NARBO members in 2014)

23. Institutional Experiences of RBOs in Asia

24. NARBO International Seminaron Corporate RBOs in Asia 22-24 June 2011, Malang, Indonesia

25. Some Types of RBOs • The Council (or committee), providing guidance on for example water-sharing and water-related development. Secretariat functions can be provided externally (for example by a public RBO); • The Public RBO, with the status of a government body, often placed under a ministry, and managed and staffed by government employees; and • The Corporate RBO, owned by the state, but operating as an independent legal entity.

26. RBO Characteristics Mandate Geographic coverage Tasks Capacity Resources Financing Authority Formal Informal

27. Japan Water Agency : JWA

28. Advanced features of JWA as RBO Credibility as an RBO • Three main pillars which support JWA. • I. Financial aspect • II. Human resources aspect • III. Technological aspect • These aspects support Credibility as RBO. Human resources aspect Technological aspect Financial aspect

29. I. Financial aspect Financial system of JWA Flood Control Water Utilization Government Grants (From Ministries) Government Subsidies (From Ministries) JWA Repayment by Users (Construction Project） 【After Completion】 Repayment by Users Charges Loans Loan Water users have to pay charges by the law. -Government investment and loan program -JWA bonds (Private Sector funds) Project Execution

30. II. Human resources aspect Capacity building • Employee can experience various field. (Especially first 10 years) age Career plan of civil engineers in JWA Survey, Planning, Environment Project Management Construction Operation Personal Exchange, R&D 20years 30years Dam Const-ruction, Operation Land Slide Moun-tain Road Canal Tech-nology Canal Planning Facility Manage-ment Environ-ment 40years Law, Contract, International cooperation, Public relations, ・・・ Manager Course Specialist Course 50years

31. III. Technology aspect Combination of Construction and Operation • JWA has responsibilities in operation and construction of water resources facilities respectively. • This fact leads JWA to accumulate various knowledge and experience of water resources facilities. • JWA can make good use of these data each other from operation to construction and from construction to operation. Feedback Operation and Management For water resources facilities. Construction For water resources facilities. Know-how of damage control, process control, etc Aeration system, Gate system, Dam controller, etc Feedback

32. JasaTirta I : PTJ-I

33. JasaTirta I Public Corporation • Philosophy of Establishment • After construction, it is necessary to maintain completed infrastructure in order to derive maximum benefits • Adequate operation and maintenance activities is best conducted by a permanent institution, with professional staff and adequate budget

34. JasaTirta I Public Corporation • Main Tasks (PP 46/2010) • Performing operation and maintenance activities of water resources infrastructures • Counseling, guiding, capacity building,dealings in water and water resources • Conducting river basin management including water resources conservation, development and utilization • Conducting emergency works of water resources infrastructures • Water quantity and quality monitoring

35. JasaTirta I Sources of Revenue Water services Bulk water for hydropower Bulk water for water utilities Bulk water for industries Non-water services Water quality laboratory Tourism Contracting, Consulting

36. JasaTirta I System of Management • Accountability and Transparency • Performance evaluation system for financial, managerial and administrative aspects. • PJT I is obliged to present financial and managerial reports annually to the Public Accountant (Report is uploaded to Web site) • Stakeholder focus/satisfaction • PJT I practises Quality Assurance System (ISO 9001) and Water Users’ feedback important component to the corporate and projects • PJT I participated in RBO Performance Benchmarking

37. JasaTirta I Financing System Basic Principles of WRM Financing System • Cost Recovery • O&M Cost Recovery • Investment Cost Recovery • Budget sources • Beneficiaries pay principle • Polluter Pay Principle • Government obligation principle • Acceptability on tariff determination • Fair • Transparent • Participative • Transparent and accountable use of funds • From water back to water • Flexibility of fund use

38. JasaTirta I Corporate Social Responsibility Trained Partners Business Type : Handicraft Location: Selorejo Tourism Park, Malang

39. JasaTirta I Success factors : • Modern approach to water resources development  led to a braided range of water services : flood control, irrigation, bulk water supplies and hydro-power energy generation • Institutional development  to maintain and provide water service as intended in basin plan • PJT-I as corporate RBO was a breakthrough that implements corporatization principles in water resources management by rendering professional services based on stakeholders’ participations (financing as well by user participation)

40. JasaTirta I • Excellent service to customers allows for a significant increase of water service fee tariff with minimum complaints • PJT I has strong commitments to contribute to increasing the triple bottom line (economic, environmental and social) benefits in the Brantas and Bengawan Solo River Basins Success factors :

41. JasaTirta II : PTJ-II

42. Jasa Tirta II Public Corporation In order to sustain, maintain and improve its business, three aspects must be considered: • Governance: PJT II apply several regulations in delivering its tasks, such as PP No. 7/2010, including cooperation with other institutions • Capacity Building and Technology: PJT II hires capable human resource in its fields, applies appropriate technology and standardize the procedure by acquiring Management System of ISO 9001-2000, Work Safety & Health (SMK3) and Good Corporate Governance (GCG).

43. Jasa Tirta II Public Corporation In order to sustain, maintain and improve its business, three aspects must be considered: • Financial Management : Sources of funding : • Government • Water tariffs • Private/Public investments • Foreign Assistance PJT II : source of funds ~ 100% from own budget

44. Jasa Tirta II Public Corporation In order to sustain, maintain and improve its business, three aspects must be considered: • Financial Management : • Water Resources Management Financing • (Law No. 7/2004 article 79) • Financing of water resources management  borned by beneficiaries : cooperatives, state-own company / district-own company, other business entities and individuals • For the social services, welfare and public safety, the government in certain limits, can provide assistance to the management fees of state-own company / district-own company

45. Laguna Lake Development Authority : LLDA

46. Laguna de Bay… the largest and most vital inland water body in the Philippines 21 Major Tributaries 35% - Pagsanjan-Lumban River 15% - Sta. Cruz River 50% - 19 remaining Tributaries LLDA’s ADMINISTRATIVE JURISDICTION

47. Laguna Lake Development Authority • Adopts a Basin approach to Water Resources Management • Geographic focus is the water shed • Participation and partnership • Strong science • Sound management • Stakeholders Participation • River Councils • Information, education and motivation campaigns among local communities

48. Laguna Lake Development Authority • Formulate environmentally sound Water Management plans • Formulated in a participative manner • Develop sense of ownership • Develop a Sustainable Funding Mechanism • Success will ultimately depend on a sound financial foundation • Important to develop a variety of sustainable funding sources

49. Laguna Lake Development Authority • Success factors : • Community participation and involvement in all aspects in project planning and implementation is crucial for success • Commitment and cooperation from local Government Units • Active involvement of different National Agencies and industries as partners of LLDA towards the protection and rehabilitation of the Lake and its tributaries • Sustained Campaigns to a wider number of people

50. Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka : MASL