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Marilena Avrigeanu , Vlad Avrigeanu , and C. Costache

This workshop presentation discusses the effects of direct interactions, such as breakup and stripping, on deuteron surrogate reactions. The calculations and tools used in nuclear models and codes are also explored. The importance of considering these effects in nuclear reactions studies is emphasized.

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Marilena Avrigeanu , Vlad Avrigeanu , and C. Costache

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  1. Effects of directinteractionson deuteron surrogatereactions • MarilenaAvrigeanu, Vlad Avrigeanu, and C. Costache • HoriaHulubei National Institute for Physics & Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Bucharest, Romania Reaction mechanisms in deuteron interactions 1.CALCULATIONS’ TOOLS: Nuclear Models & CODES 2. Update parametrization for Deuteron Breakup (BU) 3. Direct Reactions (DR) : stripping & pick-up 4.Effects of BU & DR on Deuteron Surrogate Reactions 5. Conclusions ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016

  2. CALCULATIONS’ TOOLS: Nuclear Models & CODES Motivation: Nuclear Data Needs • ITER, IFMIF, SPIRAL2, Breeder Reactors • REQUIRED deuteron reaction cross sectionsmeasurements & calculations (E ~ 50 MeV): Al, Cu,Nb, Co, Mn, Fe, Cr, Ni, C…Th, U, Reliable gas production cross-section data (H, He) Dosimetry data file for E > 20 MeV (IRDF) • Surrogate reactions (d,pɤ), (d,pf) on Th, U,… • Deuteron breakup • BREAKUP [M. Avrigeanu, V. Avrigeanu] • - total, elastic and inelastic breakup c.s.: M. Avrigeanuet al.,Fusion. Eng. Design, 84, 418 (2009); • - inelastic breakup enhancements : P. Bémet al., Phys. Rev. C 79, 044610 (2009); • E. Šimečkováet al., Phys. Rev. C 84, 014605 ( 2011; • M. Avrigeanuet al.,Phys. Rev. C 85, 034603 (2012); 88, 014612 (2013); • 89, 044613 (2014); 92, 02160(R) (2015), 94, 0146-6 (2016). • Direct reactions FRESCO(Version FRES 2.9, September 2011) [I.J. Thompson] -breakup: elastic component (CDCC):M. Avrigeanu, A.M. Moro,Phys. Rev. C 82, 037610 ( 2010). - elastic transfer: weakly bound systems: M. Avrigeanuet al.,Nucl.Phys. A 759, 327 ( 2005). • - stripping & pick-up: (d,p), (d,n), (d,t ), (d,α) • Composite system equilibration • STAPRE-H95[V. Avrigeanu, M. Avrigeanu] (updated) • - OMP:SCAT2000; preequilibrium: GDH / EXCITON;evaporation:Hauser-Feshbach • TALYS - 1.4 - 1.8[A. Koning, S. Hilaire, M. Duijvestijn] • - OMP:ECIS’97; breakup,preequilibrium: MSD / EXCITON; evaporation: Hauser-Feshbach ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016

  3. E: [15-80] MeV E: [10-30] MeV ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016 3 Marilena Avrigeanu

  4. DIRECT INTERACTION MECHNISMS : d+238UINTERACTION Ed=15 MeV: 1-σDI/σR =0.124 d-OMP: Haixia-Cai, Phys. Rev. C73, 054605 (2006) BU dominance Warning for d-surrogates analyzed in CN frame t-OMP: Xiaohua et al. Nucl.Phys. A789, 103 (2007) p-OMP: Capote-Soukhovitski, J. Nucl. Sc.&Tech 45, 333 (2008) ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016 4 Marilena Avrigeanu

  5. SURROGATE REACTIONS: STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP inelastic breakup enhancement 238U(nBF,ɤ)239U CN mechanism,too restrictive frame for d-surrogate & LARGEleakage of d flux through BU+DR before CN formation ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016 5 Marilena Avrigeanu

  6. SURROGATE REACTIONS: STRONG EFFECTS OF THE DEUTERON BREAKUP test of d-surrogate surrogate reaction: 232Th(d,pɤ)233Th EXCEPT the Surrogate Ratio Method, where the effects of BU& DRare diminished Ed=12 MeV Ep : [9.672 - 8.676] MeV; θp :[ 124o -138o] inelastic breakup enhancement 232Th(nBF,ɤ)233Th 233Th*: BU inelastic enh.232Th(nbreakup,ɤ) DR(stripping) 232Th(d,p) CN232Th(d,p) & NOT CONSIDERED : LARGE leakage of d flux flux through BU before CN formation 14th Int. Conf. on Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms, June 15-19, 2015, Varenna, Italy

  7. ROLE OF DIRECT REACTIONS: STRIPPING & PICK-UP Important for the first-chance emitted particle ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016

  8. BREAKUPENHANCEMENT: ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016

  9. CONCLUSIONS Thank you! Nuclear Reactions studies based on deuteron induced reactions should consider BREAKUP & STRIPPING / PICK-UP EFFECTS • DIRECT INTERACTIONS (DI) effects to d interactions BREAKUP: DOMINANTfor heavy targets at Ed~VC BREAKUP ENHANCEMENTof activationc.s. (d,t) pick-up exclusive contribution at low-energy EF part • PE & EVAPORATION cross sections corrected for initial flux leakage towards DIRECT INTERACTIONS • UPDATE FOR DEUTERON SURROGATE MODEL ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016

  10. ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016 10 Marilena Avrigeanu

  11. BREAKUP SYSTEMATICS ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016 11 Marilena Avrigeanu

  12. Corrected Pɤ by d-flux leakage through DI (frac=0.124) ND2016, 11-16 / 09 2016 Bruges Belgium ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016 12 12 Marilena Avrigeanu Marilena Avrigeanu

  13. BreakupversusStripping BU +ST+PE+CNmechanisms CN Ed =15 MeV (C.M. ~ 14 MeV) BU Stripping (ST) BU: deuteronbreakup deuteron binding energy:Bd=2.225 MeV εpmax = Ed - Bd ~ 11.8 MeV BUthreshold ~ 11.8 MeV PE ST: deuteronstripping (d,p) Q Al(d,p) = 5.5 MeV εpmax ~ Ed + Q Al(d,p) =19.5 MeV Stripping energy regions ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016

  14. ROLE OF THE DIRECT PROCESSES IN DEUTERON INTRACTIONS ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016

  15. ECT* Workshop: Three-body systems in reactions with rare isotopes, 3-7 October, 2016 15 Marilena Avrigeanu

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