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Passive Treatment Systems Dave Crombie. Appropriate Technologies Conference 3 & 4 September 2007. Naturally Occurring Biological Systems Biological population Food source Oxygen Energy. Sanitation – Nature’s Way. Nature’s Way. Rural densification / urbanisation.
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Passive Treatment Systems Dave Crombie Appropriate Technologies Conference3 & 4 September 2007
Naturally Occurring Biological Systems Biological population Food source Oxygen Energy Sanitation – Nature’s Way
Rural densification / urbanisation Need for Formalised Sanitation
Dry Systems Buckets to trenches / ponds Ventilated Pit Latrine Dry “Eco” Sanitation Water Borne Systems Septic Tanks Oxidation Ponds Reedbeds Maturation Ponds Man’s Modifications to Nature’s Way
Dry Systems Bucket System
Dry Systems VIP
Dry Sanitation Systems Dry Systems
Dry Sanitation Systems Dry Systems
“Eco” Sanitation Systems Wet / Dry Systems
Septic Tanks Wet Systems
Septic Tanks Wet Systems
Septic Tanks Wet Systems
Septic Tanks Wet Systems
Septic Tanks Wet Systems
Oxidation Ponds Wet Systems
Oxidation Ponds Wet Systems
Oxidation Ponds Wet Systems
Oxidation Ponds Wet Systems
Wet Systems Oxidation Ponds
Oxidation Ponds Wet Systems
Reedbeds Wet Systems
Reedbeds Wet Systems
Reedbeds / Wetlands Wet Systems
Maturation Ponds Wet Systems
Biological systems will always develop on their own – food, oxygen, energy The effect on the environment increases with more intense human development, with more sophisticated systems required Dry “Eco” sanitation is interesting because the systems are simple, reliable, but suffer the perception of being different to conventional water born systems. Oxidation ponds, and wetland systems have limited application due to the large areas required, and variable long term performance. Maturation ponds should not be discarded without very careful consideration. Passive ??? Sanitation Systems
