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Environmental Controls I/IG

Environmental Controls I/IG. Lecture 10 Passive Thermal Systems. Passive Thermal Systems. Genius Loci + Microclimate + Vernacular Precedent = Architectural form as an environmental control system. Passive Thermal Systems. Genius Loci Environmental Forces Earth Wind Fire Water.

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Environmental Controls I/IG

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  1. Environmental Controls I/IG Lecture 10 Passive Thermal Systems

  2. Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci + Microclimate + Vernacular Precedent = Architectural form as an environmental control system

  3. Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci Environmental Forces • Earth • Wind • Fire • Water

  4. Passive Thermal Systems Earth Contact • Thermal mass • Wind shelter • Solar exposure

  5. Passive Thermal Systems Earthlike forms • Thermal mass • Wind shelter • Solar “canyons” Marriot Library Salt Lake City, Utah

  6. Passive Thermal Systems Earth-based materials Adobe, Brick, Stone • Natural material source • Thermal mass • Locally available • Traditional and modern uses

  7. Passive Thermal Systems Earthscaping • Natural materials • Shelter/screening • Locally available

  8. Passive Thermal Systems Wind Wind Tower • Wind scoop • Evaporative cooling • Thermal mass cooling

  9. Passive Thermal Systems Wind Warm air rises • Attic ventilation • Solar chimneys

  10. Passive Thermal Systems Fire • Solar chimney Morse-Libby Mansion Portland, Maine

  11. Passive Thermal Systems Wind Air movement affects comfort • Cross ventilation provides cooling

  12. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Solar Angles • Summer & Winter solstices • Verdant and Autumnal equinoxes

  13. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Skin Surface Effects • Color • Reflectivity • Position

  14. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Skin Thermal Mass • Increasing thermal mass delays heat penetration

  15. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Interior Solar Control • Interior shading reduces depth of solar penetration but still admits heat

  16. Passive Thermal Systems Fire SiteSolarControl • Evergreen trees fairly constant • Deciduous trees vary seasonally

  17. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Exterior Solar Control • Sheltered openings (apertures)

  18. Passive Thermal Systems Water Evapotranspiration • Landscaping elements provide moisture

  19. Passive Thermal Systems Water Interior plantings can give off/trap moisture • Use according to local climate

  20. Passive Thermal Systems Water Evaporative cooling • Water features add to evaporative cooling (but increase humidity)

  21. Passive Thermal Systems Water Air directed over or through water can provide cooling • Use according to local climate

  22. Passive Thermal Systems Microclimate • Fountain, recesses, and channeled breezes provide cooling • Building controls exposure to onshore winds SF School of Design San Francisco, CA

  23. Passive Thermal Systems Microclimate Evaporative cooling • Building exposed to surrounding landscape • Pool, overhangs, and channeled breezes provide cooling Taliesin West Phoenix, AZ

  24. Passive Thermal Systems Vernacular Precedents • Drawn from Genius Loci • Can be adapted to contemporary design

  25. Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci + Microclimate + Vernacular Precedent = Architectural form as an environmental control system

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