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Australia’s Response to Communism in Asia

Australia’s Response to Communism in Asia. The Korean War. The Korean War. Often referred to as “the forgotten war” because of it’s comparison to 2 world wars and Vietnam

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Australia’s Response to Communism in Asia

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  1. Australia’s Response to Communism in Asia The Korean War

  2. The Korean War • Often referred to as “the forgotten war” because of it’s comparison to 2 world wars and Vietnam • War began when communist N. Korea, backed by Soviet Union, invaded S. Korea in JUNE 1950, with a disagreement over who facilitated elections in S. Korea

  3. U.N Response • U.N responded by sending forces of 15 nations, including Australia, to counterattack • U.N forces had to slowly fight back up the Korean Peninsula

  4. Moving Lines • There were advances and retreats on both sides

  5. China entered war in November 1950 • U.N forces reached and took back N. Korean capital Pyongyang, only to be driven back into S. Korea by Chinese troops • Chinese troops experienced, used human wave attacks to force the U.N troops so far back into S. Korea that the S. Korean capital, Seoul, fell • U.N forces counterattacked and pushed them back to the 38th parallel – a U.N designated border between N. & S. Korea

  6. Fighting Conditions • Bitterly cold winds • N. Korean and Chinese armies effectively used human wave attacks • Terrain was difficult and mountainous • Guerrilla warfare – using “hit-and-run” attacks

  7. Refugees • Large number of refugees • Millions became homeless and were forced to flee • These became logistical problems for the U.N

  8. RAAF and RAN • RAAF – Royal Australian Airforce • RAN – Royal Australian Navy

  9. RAAF • RAAF flew air support combat missions to support ground troops • Flew jets in nearly 500 missions and transport unit to provide troops with supplies and reinforcements

  10. RAN • Sent 9 ships to Korea during the war • Took part in naval blockades, evacuation of refugees, destruction of minefields, artillery

  11. End of the Korean War • War ended JULY 1953 with a truce • Old border at 38th parallel still divides North and South Korea

  12. REFERENDUM TO BAN COMMUNISM

  13. Communist Party Dissolution Bill • 1950 – Liberal-Country government of Robert Menzies tried to band the Communist Party in Australia by enacting the Communist Party Dissolution Bill • Bill was passed by House of Representatives

  14. High Court Response • Communist Party and 10 unions brought the matter before the High Court, claiming the Bill was unconstitutional • The High Court agreed it was unconstitutional to ban a political party

  15. If that won’t work, change the constitution • Menzies then decided to amend the Constitution so the party could be banned • Held a referendum

  16. Australia decides... • 50.48% against changes • 49.52% in favour • Many who voted against the government at the referendum saw that the proposed change would not respect the democratic rights of people to organise political parties

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