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The Recapitulation of OT History in the letters to the seven churches

The Recapitulation of OT History in the letters to the seven churches. Dr. Jean-Luc Murk, MD VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. The Recapitulation of OT History in Revelation’s seven letters. I The Seven Letters and the OT II The Seven Letters and Rev. 12 -14. Ephesus. 5. Smyrna. Pergamos.

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The Recapitulation of OT History in the letters to the seven churches

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  1. The Recapitulation of OT Historyin the letters to the seven churches Dr. Jean-Luc Murk, MD VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  2. The Recapitulation of OT Historyin Revelation’s seven letters • I The Seven Letters and the OT • II The Seven Letters and Rev. 12 -14

  3. Ephesus 5 Smyrna Pergamos 4 Thyatira 3 2 Sardis 1 6 Philadelphia 7 Laodicea

  4. Ephesus 5 Smyrna Pergamos 4 Thyatira 3 2 Sardis 1 6 Philadelphia 7 Laodicea

  5. Pergamos

  6. Pergamos Christ with Sword (mouth) Lord’s Angel withSword (hand) Teaching of Balaam IdolatryJudgment by Sword Teaching of BalaamIdolatry Judgment by Sword Hidden Manna Name in Stone Manna Israel in Desert Ten Commandments

  7. Pergamos - Conclusions • The letter forms a coherent unity • Introduction, body of the text and promise all relate to each other • The letter has a single OT theme: • Israel’s encounter with Balaam in the desert • The OT theme is adapted to the circumstances of the church • Correlation with OT: thematic > verbal

  8. Pergamos Israel in Desert Ephesus

  9. Genesis 3 Ephesus Christ walksamong lampstands & Seven Stars God walks in Eden False Apostles First Love Lost Remove Lamp? SerpentFall: Distance Out of Eden Get fruit ofTree of Lifein Paradise Lost access toTree of Life & Paradise

  10. Ephesus Fall Pergamos Israel in Desert Smyrna

  11. Smyrna Christ: First, Last,dead but now Alive Afflictions 10 days Persecution Crown of Life “I know your afflictions” “I know your afflictions” LXX Exodus 3:7,9; 4:31 No second death

  12. Exodus 3 Smyrna Christ: First, Last,dead but now Alive Lord’s Angel:I AM Afflictions 10 days Persecution Crown of Life Afflictions Oppression untilappointed time Deliverance No second death No judgment

  13. Smyrna • Additional parallels: • God’s people living in pagan city / country • Oppression by pagan rulers

  14. Ephesus Fall Smyrna Oppression Egypt Pergamos Israel in Desert Thyatira

  15. Daniel 10 Thyatira Christ: Eyes like Fire Feet like Brass Michael: Eyes like Fire Feet like Brass Jezebel’s influence Her punishment Death allies & children Jezebel’s influence Her punishment Death allies & children Power over heathens Morningstar Power over heathens

  16. Jezebel Prostitute (3:21) Children (3:23) Tempts (3:30) Judged by Christ (3:22) Babylon (in Revelation) Prostitute (17:1) Children (17:5) Tempts (18:24) Judged by Christ (17:14) Thyatira Jezebel = Babylon?

  17. OT Jezebel Reigned by Ahab (I Kings 21:7,8) Persecution of prophets Persecution of Elijah for 3.5 years (Jam 5:17) Babylon (in Revelation) Reigns by beast and worldly kings (17:3,18) Persecution of saints Persecution of Elijah for 42 months (11:2,3,7,8) Thyatira Jezebel = Babylon?

  18. Thyatira - Conclusions • Jezebel might represent Babylon • different perspective: outside ~ within the church • Vision of Michael (Daniel 10-12):to affirm power over Satan and Babylon

  19. Ephesus Fall Smyrna Oppression Egypt Pergamos Israel in Desert Thyatira Apostacy & Exile Sardis

  20. Zechariah 3 Sardis Christ hasSeven Spirits & Seven stars Not Alive but Dead Filthy Garments Call to Repentance Some walk with Christ High-priest Joshua: Filthy Garments Call to repentance White Clothes Stay in Book of Life White Clothes

  21. Sardis • “Revelation 5:6 He had seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven spirits of God sent out into all the earth.” • “Zechariah 3:9 There are seven eyes on that one stone …' says the LORD Almighty'. • “Zechariah 4:10 These seven are the eyes of the LORD, which range throughout the earth.

  22. Zechariah 3 Sardis Christ hasSeven Spirits & Seven stars Lord’s Angel, Stone withSeven Eyes Spiritually Dead Filthy Garments Call to Repentance Some walk with Christ High-priest Joshua: Filthy Garments Call to repentance White Clothes Not deleted fromBook of Life White Clothes

  23. Ephesus Fall Smyrna Oppression Egypt Pergamos Israel in Desert Thyatira Apostacy & Exile Sardis Return Exile 1 Philadelphia

  24. Isaiah 45 Philadelphia Christ: Holy, True,Key of David God: Holy (45:11) Christ opens door Church is weak Enemies will fall down Saved in Tribulation God opens doors (45:1) Israel is weak Enemies will fall down Place in TempleName of God & Christ Name Jerusalem

  25. Revelation 3:12 Him who overcomes I will make a pillar in the temple of my God… I will write on him the name of my God andthe name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem…and I will also writeon him my new name. Revelation 7:3 144,000: “put a seal on the foreheads of the servants of our God.” Revelation 14:1 Then I looked, and there before me was the Lamb, standing on Mount Zion, and with him 144,000 who had his name and his Father's name written on their foreheads. Philadelphia

  26. Revelation 3:12 Him who overcomes I will make a pillar in the temple of my God… I will write on him the name of my God andthe name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem…and I will also write on him my new name. Isaiah 56:5,7 to them I will givewithin my temple and its walls a memorial …I will give them an everlasting name …these I will bring tomy holy mountain and give them joy in my house of prayer. Philadelphia Isaiah 56:6all who keep the Sabbath without desecrating itand who hold fast to my covenant

  27. Isaiah 45 Isaiah 56 Philadelphia Christ: Holy, True,Key of David God: Holy (45:11) Christ opens door Church is weak Enemies will fall down Protection for church God opens doors (45:1) Israel is weak Enemies will fall down Place in TempleName of God & Christ Name Jerusalem Place in TempleEternal Name Jerusalem

  28. Ephesus Fall Smyrna Oppression Egypt Pergamos Israel in Desert Thyatira Apostacy & Exile Sardis Return exile 1 Philadelphia Return exile 2 Laodicea

  29. Laodicea Christ: Amen True, Faithful WitnessBeginning of Creation Amen Isaiah 65:16 (LXX) Lukewarm, Naked Gold tried in FireWhite ClothesAt the door: meal Sit on Christ’s Throne

  30. Laodicea Isaiah 65:16,17 “I will destine you for the sword … for I called but you did not answer. “ “Whoever invokes a blessing in the land will do so by the God of truth… For the past troubles will be forgotten and hidden from my eyes.” "Behold, I will create new heavens and a new earth. The former things will not be remembered, nor will they come to mind.”

  31. Laodicea Christ: Amen True, Faithful WitnessBeginning of Creation Amen Isaiah 65:16 (LXX) Lukewarm, Naked Gold tried in FireWhite ClothesAt the door: meal Gold tried in Fire Maleachi 3:2,3 Sit on Christ’s Throne

  32. Laodicea Maleachi 3:2,3 “But who can endure the day of his coming? Who can stand when he appears? For he will be like a refiner's fire or a launderer's soap. He will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; he will purify the Levites and refine them like gold and silver.”

  33. Laodicea Christ: Amen True, Faithful WitnessBeginning of Creation Amen Isaiah 65:16 (LXX) Lukewarm, Naked Gold tried in Fire,White ClothesAt the door: meal Gold tried in Fire Maleachi 3:2,3 Sit on Christ’s Throne Rule with Son of Man Daniel 7:26,27

  34. Laodicea Daniel 7:26,27 “But the court will sit… Then the sovereignty, power and greatness of the kingdoms under the whole heaven will be handed over to the saints, the people of the Most High.”

  35. Ephesus Fall Smyrna Oppression Egypt Pergamos Israel in Desert Thyatira Apostacy & Exile Sardis Return exile 1 Philadelphia Return exile 2 5 4 3 2 1 6 7 Laodicea End-time Judgment

  36. Revelation 12 -14

  37. 12:1-4 Dragon vs Woman Ephesus Genesis 3 Fall 12:5 Dragon vs Male Child Smyrna Egypt, Herod Egypt “Revelation 2:8-9 These are the words of him who is the First and the Last, who died and came to life again. I know your afflictions…”

  38. 12:1-4 Dragon vs Woman Ephesus Genesis 3 Fall 12:5 Dragon vs Male Child Smyrna Egypt, Herod Egypt Woman to Desert Pergamos 12:6 Balaam Israel in Desert Thyatira 12:7-9 Dragon vs Michael Michael :10-16 Woman to Desert Dragon vs Offspring Book of Life 12:17- 13:8 Sardis Book of Life Jezebel “Zechariah 3:2 Is not this man a burning stick snatched from the fire?”

  39. 12:1-4 Dragon vs Woman Ephesus Genesis 3 Fall 12:5 Dragon vs Male Child Smyrna Egypt, Herod Egypt Woman to Desert Pergamos 12:6 Balaam Israel in Desert 13:9- 14:5 Sealing Philadelphia Seal 14:6,7 Judgment Announced Thyatira 12:7-9 Dragon vs Michael Michael :10-16 Woman to Desert Jezebel Dragon vs Offspring Book of Life 12:17- 13:8 Sardis Book of Life Laodicea

  40. Thank you for your attention!

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