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Oregon Biodiesel

Oregon Biodiesel. Sam Hammond HC399 Fall ‘08. Biodiesel Overview. Can be made from plant oils or animal fats As well as used grease from restaraunts and major food processing facilities

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Oregon Biodiesel

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  1. Oregon Biodiesel Sam Hammond HC399 Fall ‘08

  2. Biodiesel Overview • Can be made from plant oils or animal fats • As well as used grease from restaraunts and major food processing facilities • Biodiesel can be blended with conventional diesel to run in normal diesel engines or it can be used stand alone in modified diesel engines • Usually B5 or B20 • Some Benefits of Biodiesel over conventional diesel • Increases rural development • Greater Energy Security (renewable) • Less CO2 emissions • Average Exhaust Emissions for 100% Biodiesel Compared to Petroleum Diesel Fuel • Regulated Exhaust Emissions B100 • Particulate Matter-47% • Carbon Monoxide-48% • Total Unburned Hydrocarbons-67% • Nitrogen Oxides+10% • Non Regulated Emissions • Sulfates-100% • Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)-80% • Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (nPAH)-90% • Speciated Hydrocarbons Ozone Forming Potential-50%

  3. Biodiesel OverviewBasic Production from crops • The steps in biodiesel production from crops can be layed out in fairly basic terms • The first step is to plant, grow, then harvest the oilseed crops being processed • The harvest needs to then be transported to the processing facility • Oil extration via cold press or hexane extraction • Then process resulting oil into biodiesel

  4. Biodiesel OverviewBasic Production from waste oils • This is a much simpler process since it does not involve waiting for crops being grown. Some biodiesel crops are also only seasonal, but this process can be done year round • Basically, the oil from restaurants, food processing facilities, and other sources has to be collected and transported to the biodiesel production facility • Then it can be cleaned and processed into biodiesel

  5. Biodiesel Production Byproducts • Two main byproducts: • Glycerol • Seedmeal • What is to be done with the byproducts?

  6. Basic Biodiesel Equation www.biodiesel.org/pdf_files/fuelfactsheets/prod_quality.pdf

  7. www.biodiesel.org/pdf_files/fuelfactsheets/prod_quality.pdf

  8. Biodiesel Production in Oregon • There are currently only two facilities in Oregon that produce biodiesel • SeQuential Biofuels • Green Fuels of Oregon

  9. Biodiesel Production in OregonCrops that are can/are grown in Oregon to use as biodiesel • Oregon climate offers a variety of oilseed crops that can be grown here • Canola, Rapeseed, Mustard, Camelina, Flax Seed, and Safflower

  10. Biodiesel Production in OregonSeQuential Biofuels • Processing facility is currently in Salem • 1 million gallons / year • They primarily used used cooking oil • Secondary use of oilseed crops • Partners with Willamette Biomass Processors • Crush 100 million pounds of oilseed / year • Currently looking to expand Salem facility

  11. Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon • Current restriction on canola in Willamette Valley • If changed, it’s estimated that 50,000 acres could be used for oilseed crops • This could furnish an 8 to 10 million gallon biodiesel facility

  12. Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon • Factors that cannot be changed • Currently in Eastern Oregon canola can only be grown twice in a five year cycle • In Western Oregon canola can only be grown once in a four year cycle • Limits production of biodiesel

  13. Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon • Feedstock prices have majorly increased • Canola doubled since 2006 • Soybean nearly doubled • Methanol has tripled

  14. Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon • Lack of infrastructure • Not enough crushing facilities to support biodiesel production • Currently minor crushing capacity and a lone plant in Salem making biodiesel

  15. Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon • Low Demand for biodiesel • Many consumers do not realize that biodiesel actually has less emissions than regular diesel • They think it is just the same as normal diesel

  16. Limiting Factors of biodiesel production in Oregon • Currently biodiesel facilities rely on incentives to create market pull and provide money to help cover cost of production • Feedstock is 80% of the price • Prices used to be about 13 cents a pound • Which turns in about $2.44/gallon biodiesel for production • 2008 canola prices are 27 cents per pound • Which turns to $5.06/gallon production cost

  17. http://www.sqbiofuels.com/ • http://www.oregon.gov/ODA/do_reports_biodiesel.shtml#Biodiesel_processing_steps_and_byproducts • http://www.willamettebiomass.com/ • http://www.biodiesel.com/ • http://encoreoils.com/ • www.biodiesel.org/pdf_files/fuelfactsheets/prod_quality.pdf

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