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Bell Miner Associated Dieback in NSW Bell Miner Associated Dieback Working Group c/o Dept Environment and Climate Change Coffs Harbour, NSW. BMAD is a form of Eucalypt dieback caused by phloem feeding insects called psyllids ( Glycaspis )
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Bell Miner Associated Dieback in NSW Bell Miner Associated Dieback Working Group c/o Dept Environment and Climate Change Coffs Harbour, NSW
BMAD is a form of Eucalypt dieback caused by phloem feeding insects called psyllids (Glycaspis) Occurs throughout Victoria, NSW and southern Queensland The causes are complex and include; disturbance that opens the canopy, presence of Bell miners and psyllids, moisture retaining soils, a dense understorey and reduced frequency of fire. Bell Miner Associated Dieback ?
Bell Miner –(Manorina melanophrys) Photo by Paul Meek
Theorems: Causes of BMAD • All of the causes remain unresolved although two main theorems have been proposed
Forest ecosystem degradation & threatened species loss Eucalyptus dunnii and E. scorparia The Blue Gum High Forests of Sydney The effects on threatened fauna are currently being researched Impacts on Biodiversity
Degradation of the forest has implications for the economy Reduced native forest & plantation timber volumes Poor honey production Impact on recreational use of forests Degraded cattle grazing country Financial Loss to Industry
Adaptive Management Option Trials • Explicit focus on learning from doing • Design and test agreed land management actions likely to prevent and control BMAD • Subject to review by BMAD Scientific Reference Group • Trials are currently being scoped by BMAD Working Group • Five sites at Sheepstation Creek, Creeks Bend, Donaldson SF, Mt Lindesay SF and Kumbatine NP.
Fire Management • Fire is a useful tool for landscape level management of BMAD. • When Lantana is growing, a hot fire will significantly reduce abundance of this weed in the understorey. • Increasing evidence that fire does result in changed understorey habitat and subsequent reduction of Bell miners (habitat modification) and recruitment of native plant species. Photo by Paul Meek
The aim is to control Lantana and disturb Bell miner behaviour by changing understorey habitat at a small scale The removal of Lantana is anticipated to cause a decline in Bell miners and an improvement in forest health Ideal for small scale control and follow up but not for landscape level control Refinement of splatter gun method for Lantana control Weed Management
SPOT5 satellite imagery and LIDAR photography is being used to map BMAD and Lantana This system maps tree symptoms and canopy damage A spatial modeling tool is being developed to predict potential areas at risk of BMAD Risk Assessment
www.bmad.com.au Photo by Paul Meek