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Happy Birthday Lee Morgan (1938)

Happy Birthday Lee Morgan (1938). Reading: Chapter 16 sections 1-3 HW 13.2: Due 7/14/14 Chap. 13 #s 66, 67, 71, 73, 74, 78, 79, 85, 87, 89, 95, 112, 143 HW 15: 7/15/14 Chap . 15 #s 14, 15, 17, 21, 23, 25, 28, 30, 35, 40, 41, 45, 49, 55, 59, 63-73 odd, 91, 94, 105, 118, 122, 126, 127, 129

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Happy Birthday Lee Morgan (1938)

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  1. Happy Birthday Lee Morgan (1938) • Reading: Chapter 16 sections 1-3 • HW 13.2: Due 7/14/14 • Chap. 13 #s 66, 67, 71, 73, 74, 78, 79, 85, 87, 89, 95, 112, 143 • HW 15: 7/15/14 • Chap. 15 #s 14, 15, 17, 21, 23, 25, 28, 30, 35, 40, 41, 45, 49, 55, 59, 63-73 odd, 91, 94, 105, 118, 122, 126, 127, 129 • Lab Monday (Dry LAB!) • Monday – Nomenclature Proficiency Quiz 2 • Exam 3…?

  2. Dalton’s law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of the individual pressures of each gas. P1 + P2 + P3 + … = Ptotal The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is its partial pressure, Pn.

  3. 672.43 mL of hydrogen was collected over water on a day when the barometer read 661.2 mmHg. The temperature of the wet gas was 25 oC. 1) What is the partial pressure of the gas? (vapor pressure of water at 25 oC is 23.8 mmHg)

  4. 672.43 mL of hydrogen was collected over water on a day when the barometer read 661.2 mmHg. The temperature of the wet gas was 25 oC. 2) What is the volume of the gas at STP? P V V P-ratio < 1 T T-ratio < 1

  5. 672.43 mL of hydrogen was collected over water on a day when the barometer read 661.2 mmHg. The temperature of the wet gas was 25 oC. 3) What was the mass of hydrogen collected?

  6. An ideal gas is a gas that behaves in a predictable and consistent manner. Ideal gases have the following properties: gases are made up of very tiny molecules gas molecules demonstrate rapid motion in straight lines and in random directions gas molecules have no attraction for one another gas molecules undergo elastic collisions the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is proportional to the Kelvin temperature, KE ∝ T Ideal Gas Law

  7. Ideal Gas Law Avogadro’s Law – Particles and Volume Particles and volume are directly proportional +

  8. Ideal Gas Law almost there!!!!!! • If we introduce a proportionality constant, R, we can write the equation:

  9. Ideal Gas Law pressure (must be in atm) temperature (must be in K) volume (must be in L) particles (must be in mol)

  10. Ideal Gas Law

  11. Ideal Gas Law What is the temperature of 0.250 mol of chlorine gas at 655 torr if the volume is 3.50 L? 147 K or -126 oC

  12. Ideal Gas Law What is the temperature of 0.250 mol of chlorine gas at 655 torr if the volume is 3.50 L? 147 K or -126 oC

  13. Ideal Gas Law How many grams of NO2 gas occupy a volume of 0.8635 L at 0.9446 atm and 25 oC?

  14. Solutions • Solution – A system in which one or more substances are mixed or dissolved in another substance. • Solute – The substance that is being dissolved, or the least abundant component, of a solution. • Solvent – The dissolving agent or the most abundant component in a solution. • A solute goes into a solvent to make a solution (solute + solvent = solution) • Table salt (solute) is put in water (solvent) to make saltwater (solution)

  15. Polar and Nonpolar Solvents • A liquid composed of polar molecules is a polar solvent. Water and ethanol are polar solvents. • A liquid composed of nonpolar molecules is a nonpolar solvent. Hexane is a nonpolar solvent.

  16. Like Dissolves Like • Polar solvents dissolve in one another. • Nonpolar solvents dissolve in one another. • This is the like dissolves like rule. • Methanol dissolves in water, but hexane does not dissolve in water. • Hexane dissolves in toluene, but water does not dissolve in toluene.

  17. Polar and Nonpolar Solvents

  18. Miscible & Immiscible • Two liquids that completely dissolve in each other are miscible liquids. • Two liquids that are not miscible in each other are immiscible liquids.

  19. Miscible & Immiscible • Polar water and nonpolar oil are immiscible liquids and do not mix to form a solution.

  20. Solids in Solution • When a solid substance dissolves in a liquid, the solute particles are attracted to the solvent particles. • When a solution forms, the solute particles are more strongly attracted to the solvent particles than other solute particles.

  21. Solutions 23.00 grams of hydrogen chloride is added to 55.00 grams of water. solvent = water solute = hydrogen chloride solution = hydrogen chloride solution hydrochloric acid

  22. Solutions A potassium permanganate solution contains 1.223 grams of solute solution = potassium permanganate solution solvent = water solute = potassium permanganate

  23. Solutions 59.88 mL of benzene has 12.4 mL of chloroform dissolved into it. solvent = benzene solute = chloroform

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