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Haoyan Bill Lan March 31, 2006

Earthquake Detector Using the Michelson Interferometer The Mid-South Annual Engineering and Sciences Conference MAESC 2006 Memphis, Tennessee. Haoyan Bill Lan March 31, 2006. Every Day. Deep underground. America's most destructive earthquakes since the turn of the 20th century:. Last Decade.

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Haoyan Bill Lan March 31, 2006

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  1. Earthquake Detector Using the Michelson InterferometerThe Mid-South Annual Engineering and Sciences ConferenceMAESC 2006Memphis, Tennessee Haoyan Bill Lan March 31, 2006

  2. Every Day Deep underground

  3. America's most destructive earthquakes since the turn of the 20th century: Last Decade

  4. People Are at RiskResearches need to be done • there are 70,000 buildings in state of California alone that could sustain major quake damage • Experts predict there will be a major earthquake in state of California before year 2024

  5. For those who lives there It would be nice…. If……

  6. Earthquake Detector Prototype Optical Power Meter Analog to Digital Interface and LED Displays Michelson Interferometer UP3 Board with a Cyclone Microprocessor

  7. Project Concept Michelson Interferometer Light Intensity Measuring Device Analog to digital interface Major part of the project Central processing unit UP3 board (Quartus II) 4 Digits 7-Segment LED Display Alarm System and back up power supply

  8. Screen Matrix for Different Needs

  9. 3D View of an Interferometer Sensor of Light Intensity Measuring Device Bright Fringe Mirror#2 Stationary Dark Fringe Beam Splitter He Ne Laser Beam Generator Dispersion Lens Move Mirror#1 to cause the fringe movement

  10. How does it work? Mirror#2 Stationary Mirror#1 Moving

  11. Bright Fringe Dark Fringe

  12. Sensor of Optical Power Meter Dial for Moving Mirror Movement of Mirror#1 generates fringe movement

  13. Need fringes number to calculate the wavelength • Fringe movements not be counted using naked eyes • The sinusoidal wave has a frequency approx. at 100Hz

  14. The way to measure the spectral of the light is • where d is the distance M1 has been moved and n is the number of the fringes and Lambda is the wavelength of the laser beam.

  15. How does this work? • a single tap on the table will cause rapid movement of the fringes • this property can be used to detect a potential earthquake

  16. Sinusoidal wave from the optical power meter Offset Voltage Output wave form goes into the UP3 board

  17. Design of an Analog to Digital Interface Adjustable offset voltage TTL output

  18. Project Concept Michelson Interferometer Light Intensity Measuring Device Analog to digital interface Major part of the project Central processing unit UP3 board (Quartus II) 4 Digits 7-Segment LED Display Alarm System and back up power supply

  19. Altera UP3 board is setup in the lab Microprocessor is Programmed via a PC Input from Analog to Digital Interface Output to 4-digits Displays

  20. Circuit Design using Quartus Output of the Unit Digit Output of the Tenth Digit Input from Analog to Digital Interface Output of the Hundredth Digit Output of the Thousandth Digit

  21. A 74143 chip Decade Counter Decoder Input

  22. LED Digit Displays 7-Seg LED Display

  23. Prototype Testing • Simulate an earthquake • Tester tap table with his/her finger

  24. Since • Lambda for a He-Ne laser beam is 632nm • For each fringes (n=1), we are moving • Theoretically we are detecting vibration on 1/3um scale

  25. Put 1/3um into a prospective scale Human hair avg. 65um in Diameter Vibration of 1/3 of this Scale

  26. Prototype Estimated Cost • Interferometer $700 • Light intensity detector $150 • Quartus II and software $300 • Other parts and hardware $50 • Total cost $1200

  27. Estimated Production Cost • Interferometer $100 • Light intensity detector $50 • Burn-in Chips $10 • Other parts and hardware $50 • Total cost ~$210 Instead of the $300 UP3 Board

  28. References • http://www.3dimagery.com/3dmichelson.html • http://www.latimes.com/business/la-me-quake8sep08,0,3035306.story • http://www.altera.com/education/univ/students/unv-students.html • http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/interferometry_101.html

  29. Questions And Comments?

  30. Prototype Testing Continues • Simulation of a fire disaster has been conducted as well • A pressure changing device has been used

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