Week # 1 Quarter 2 (10/16-10/18) (calendar site) Warm Up – Wed/Thurs, 10/16 & 10/17

1. Today in I.S.… Week #1 Quarter 2 (10/16-10/18) (calendar site) Warm Up – Wed/Thurs, 10/16 & 10/17 • Pick Up: • Worksheets on table • Have out: • Worksheets you picked up • I.S. Learning Goal: • I can describe the features and components of the atom. • Homework: • Weekly Check Sheet due Monday, 10/21 • New Notebook due Monday for a stamp • Memorize the first 20 elements on the periodic table for a test on 11/13 or 11/14 Daily Question: What are the feature and components of the atom? • Activities/Assignments: • Sign-up for Reminder 101 • Quarter Reflection Sheet • Facebook Notebook Cover • Review notes on: • Matter • Atomic Models

2. She says she is not a victim and will NEVER give up! So inspirational! She was 14 when she was shot, and is now 16 about to get a Nobel Peace Prize for her fight for education.

3. You fill in with S, N, or U Due EVERY MONDAY For 5 Points! You write Comments I stamp each day Parents sign on weekend for each day

5. Quarter Reflection Sheet Complete the handout and turn in front bin! 10 minutes

6. Facebook Page Cover for Notebook Quietly Create your Facebook Page Cover sheet for your notebook • Write your First and Last Name above the word “wall”. • In the “Search Button” write “I.S. Quarter 2”. • In the “What are you doing?” box write “Chemistry and Astronomy Unit”. • Answer the questions: • Personal Learning Goal for this Quarter (list 5) • What will you do to reach this goal? (list 5) • What do you know about Chemistry and Astronomy? (list 2) • List 2 clubs, sports or other activities you do (school appropriate) • Who are your friends who can help you reach your goals? (list 2) • Who in your family can help you reach your goals? (list 2) • Draw two pictures relating to Chemistry or Astronomy in the box on the top left using 4 colors. 10 minutes

7. TABLE OF CONTENTS

8. LEARNING GOAL & SCALE Whatstudentswill be abletoapplybytheend of thiscourse? Students use scientific processes: questioning, planning and conducting investigations, using appropriate tools and techniques to gather data, thinking critically and logically about relationships between evidence and explanations, and communicating results. Whatstudentswill be ableto do bytheend of thisunitaccordingtoStateStandards? LearningGoals: I can understandhowtoidentify, categorize, and organizesubstances. Scale Yourself!

9. + + + Complete Matter Graphic Organizer The Building Blocks of Matter: Atoms - - - + + + - - + + - - -

10. Complete Matter Graphic Organizer Matter • Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) • Examples: • A brick has mass and takes up space • A desk has mass and takes up space • A pencil has mass and takes up space • Air has mass and takes up space All of the above examples are considered matter because they have mass and take up space. Can you think of anything that would not be considered matter?

11. I.S. Learning Goal: • I can describe the features and components of the atom.

12. Matter is made of atoms

13. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Models Models are often used for things that are too small or too large to be observed or that are too difficult to be understood easily

14. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Models • In the case of atoms, scientists use large models to explain something that is very small • Models of the atom were used to explain data or facts that were gathered experimentally. • So, these models are also theories

15. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Early Models of the AtomDemocritus • Universe was made of empty space and tiny bits of stuff • Called these tiny bits of stuff atomos • Atoms could not be divided

16. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Early Models of the AtomLavoisier • Demonstrated that burning wood caused no change in mass • Law of Conservation of Matter

17. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Early Models of the AtomDalton • All elements are composed of indivisible particles. • Atoms of the same element are the same • Atoms of different elements are different. • Compounds consisted of atoms of different elements combined together

18. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Early Models of the AtomThomson • Plum pudding model • Atom made of a positively charged material with the negatively charged electrons scattered through it.

19. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Early Models of the AtomRutherford • Mostly empty space • Small, positive nucleus • Contained protons • Negative electrons scattered around the outside

20. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Early Models of the AtomBohr • Electrons move in definite orbits around the nucleus

21. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Early Models of the AtomChadwick • Discovered the neutron

22. Complete Diagram Models Worksheet Modern Model of the AtomThe electron cloud • Sometimes called the wave model • Spherical cloud of varying density • Varying density shows where an electron is more or less likely to be

23. I.S. Learning Goal: • I can describe the features and components of the atom.

24. Due EVERY MONDAY For 5 Points! Show for a Stamp Now!

25. Today in I.S.… Week #1 Quarter 2 (10/16-10/18) (calendar site) Warm Up – Friday, 10/18 • Pick Up: • Worksheets on table • Have out: • Worksheets you picked up • I.S. Learning Goal: • I can describe the features and components of the atom. • Homework: • Weekly Check Sheet due Monday, 10/21 • New Notebook due Monday for a stamp • Memorize the first 20 elements on the periodic table for a test on 11/13 or 11/14 Daily Question: What are the feature and components of the atom? • Activities/Assignments: • Structure of an Atom • Periodic Table Warm-up Review • Forces in an Atom Notes

26. LEARNING GOAL & SCALE Whatstudentswill be abletoapplybytheend of thiscourse? Students use scientific processes: questioning, planning and conducting investigations, using appropriate tools and techniques to gather data, thinking critically and logically about relationships between evidence and explanations, and communicating results. Whatstudentswill be ableto do bytheend of thisunitaccordingtoStateStandards? LearningGoals: I can understandhowtoidentify, categorize, and organizesubstances. Scale Yourself!

27. TABLE OF CONTENTS

28. Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Atoms • Smallest possible unit into which matter can be divided, while still maintaining its properties. • Made up of: • protons • neutrons • electrons • The solar system is commonly used as an analogy to describe the structure of an atom - + For example, what is the smallest possible unit into which a long essay can be divided and still have some meaning? - + + - + + - -

29. www.deckersfoods.com Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Atoms are so small that… • it would take a stack of about 50,000 aluminum atoms to equal the thickness of a sheet of aluminum foil from your kitchen. • if you could enlarge a penny until it was as wide as the US, each of its atoms would be only about 3 cm in diameter – about the size of a ping-pong ball • a human hair is about 1 million carbon atoms wide. • a typical human cell contains roughly 1 trillion atoms. • a speck of dust might contain 3x1012 (3 trillion) atoms. • it would take you around 500 years to count the number of atoms in a grain of salt. C-C-C-C-C-… + 999,995 more 1 trillion atoms  . Is made of approximately 3 trillion atoms Just one of these grains

30. - - - + + + + - - + + - + + - - Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Protons (+) • Positively charged particles • Help make up the nucleus of the atom • Help identify the atom (could be considered an atom’s DNA) • Equal to the atomic number of the atom • Contribute to the atomic mass • Equal to the number of electrons +

31. - - - + + + + - - + + - + + - - Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Neutrons • Neutral particles; have no electric charge • Help make up the nucleus of the atom • Contribute to the atomic mass

32. - - - + + + + - - + + - + + - - Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Electrons (-) • Negatively charged particles • Found outside the nucleus of the atom, in the electron orbits/levels; each orbit/level can hold a maximum number of electrons ( 1st = 2, 2nd = 8, 3rd = 8 or 18, etc…) • Move so rapidly around the nucleus that they create an electron cloud • Mass is insignificant when compared to protons and neutrons • Equal to the number of protons • Involved in the formation of chemical bonds -

33. = 1 = 0 = 1 + - Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Hydrogen (H) Atom • Notice the one electron in the first orbital - How many more electrons can fit in the 1st orbital/ level? + Even though there are no neutrons present, Hydrogen is still considered an atom

34. + = 8 = 8 = 8 + + + - Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Oxygen (O) Atom • Notice the two electrons in the first orbital/level and the six in the second How many more electrons can fit in the 2nd orbital/ level? - - - + + + - - + + - - -

35. + = 11 = 12 = 11 + + + - Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Sodium (Na) Atom • Notice the two electrons in the first orbital/level, eight in the second, and one in the third - - - How many more electrons can fit in the 3rd orbital/ level? - + + + - - - + + - - - -

36. + + + Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer The Atom’s “Center” • Protons and neutrons are grouped together to form the “center” or nucleus of an atom. Notice that the electrons are not apart of the nucleus - - -

37. Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer QUARKS • Particles that make up protons and neutrons Notice the smaller particles that make up this neutron after you take a closer look. Notice the smaller particles that make up this proton after you take a closer look. + What do you notice about the number of quarks in the neutron and proton?

38. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Sub-Atomic Particles Weight Comparison (protons, neutrons, electrons) Neutron = 1.6749286 x10-27 kgProton = 1.6726231 x10-27 kgElectron = 9.1093897 x10-31 kg 1839 electrons = 1 neutron 1836 electrons = 1 proton How do you think the mass of a neutron compares to that of a proton? 1 neutron ≈ 1 proton

39. + + + Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Sub-atomic ParticlesSize Comparison (protons, neutrons, electrons, & quarks) - - - + + + - - + + - - -

40. + + + Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Atomic Number • The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom - What would be the atomic number of this atom? - -

41. + + + Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer Mass Number • The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus • Expressed in Atomic Mass Units (amu) • Each proton or neutron has a mass of 1 amu What would be the mass number of this atom? - +  3  4 - 3 protons + 4 neutrons = a mass number of 7 amu Why did we not account for the electrons when calculating the mass number? -

42. I.S. Learning Goal: • I can describe the features and components of the atom.

43. Complete the Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up Worksheet 12 minutes!!

44. Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet If there are only about 100 types of elements in the world, why are there so many different kinds of matter?

45. Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Elements can combine in many different ways to form many different types of matter.

46. Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Where are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located in the periodic table?

47. Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet • Metals - are on the left side • Nonmetals – are on the right side • Metalloids – are on a slanting line between the metals and nonmetals

48. Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Which group of elements on the periodic table does not readily combine with other elements?

49. Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Group 18 - the Noble Gasses

50. Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet Describe metalloids.